1 Chapter 2 Lab: Introduction to R

This one is indeed a soft intro!

No worry to make things wrong: TRY!

Got R?

Start…

  • an R script (tired!)
  • an R Markdown document (wired!)

1.1 Basic commands

Functions are noted as funcname(input1, input2) - inputs are called arguments

Creating a vector by concatenating

c(1, 3, 2, 5)
## [1] 1 3 2 5
x <- c(1, 3, 2, 5) # use <- for assignment, leave = for parameter values
x
## [1] 1 3 2 5
x = c(1,6,2)
y = c(1,4,3)

Navigating history:

  • up arrow
  • ctrl + up (RStudio) while typing part of the command

Help:

  • use ?
  • help(funcname)

Length (of a vector)

length(x)
## [1] 3
length(y)
## [1] 3

Adding things together

1 + 4
## [1] 5
x + y # if same length
## [1]  2 10  5
x + 1
## [1] 2 7 3
x + c(1,2)
## Warning in x + c(1, 2): longer object length is not a multiple of shorter object
## length
## [1] 2 8 3

Listing objects, removing them

ls()
## [1] "x" "y"
rm(x, y)
ls()
## character(0)

Create a matrix of numbers

?matrix
x <- matrix(data=c(1,2,3,4), nrow=2, ncol=2)
x
##      [,1] [,2]
## [1,]    1    3
## [2,]    2    4
x <- matrix(data=c(1,2,3,4), 2, 2)
x
##      [,1] [,2]
## [1,]    1    3
## [2,]    2    4
# Recommended: specify arguments!
matrix(c(1,2,3,4),2,2,byrow=TRUE)
##      [,1] [,2]
## [1,]    1    2
## [2,]    3    4

Squaring, squared root

x
##      [,1] [,2]
## [1,]    1    3
## [2,]    2    4
sqrt(x)
##          [,1]     [,2]
## [1,] 1.000000 1.732051
## [2,] 1.414214 2.000000
sqrt(x)[,1]
## [1] 1.000000 1.414214
x^2
##      [,1] [,2]
## [1,]    1    9
## [2,]    4   16

Random normal variables, with rnorm

# bonus - when dealing with random quantities!
set.seed(42)

x <- rnorm(50)
# default: mean of 0 and standard deviation of 1
y <- x + rnorm(50,mean=50,sd=.1) 

Computing the correlation between two sets of numbers

cor(x,y)
## [1] 0.9968525

Mean & Standard deviation

mean(x)
## [1] -0.03567178
sd(x)
## [1] 1.151476
mean(y)
## [1] 49.9744
sd(y)
## [1] 1.132932
var(x)
## [1] 1.325898
var(y)
## [1] 1.283535
set.seed(3)
y <- rnorm(100)
mean(y)
## [1] 0.01103557
var(y)
## [1] 0.7328675
sqrt(var(y))
## [1] 0.8560768
sd(y)
## [1] 0.8560768

1.2 Graphics

Meet the plot() function!

plot(x,y)

?plot

The plot() function is the primary way to plot data in R. For instance, plot(x,y) produces a scatterplot of the numbers in x versus the numbers in y. There are many additional options that can be passed in to the plot() function. For example, passing in the argument xlab will result in a label on the x-axis. To find out more information about the plot() function, type ?plot.

set.seed(42)
x <- rnorm(100)
y <- rnorm(100)
plot(x,y)

plot(x,y,
     xlab="this is the x-axis",
     ylab="this is the y-axis",
     main="Plot of X vs Y")

# plot()

Saving the output:

open device
plot...
close device
pdf("Figure.pdf")
plot(x,y,col="green")
dev.off()
## quartz_off_screen 
##                 2

Devices: pdf(), jpeg(), …

Creating sequences of numbers

?seq
seq(0,1)
## [1] 0 1
seq(0,1,length=10)
##  [1] 0.0000000 0.1111111 0.2222222 0.3333333 0.4444444 0.5555556 0.6666667
##  [8] 0.7777778 0.8888889 1.0000000
pi
## [1] 3.141593
seq(-pi,pi,length=50)
##  [1] -3.14159265 -3.01336438 -2.88513611 -2.75690784 -2.62867957 -2.50045130
##  [7] -2.37222302 -2.24399475 -2.11576648 -1.98753821 -1.85930994 -1.73108167
## [13] -1.60285339 -1.47462512 -1.34639685 -1.21816858 -1.08994031 -0.96171204
## [19] -0.83348377 -0.70525549 -0.57702722 -0.44879895 -0.32057068 -0.19234241
## [25] -0.06411414  0.06411414  0.19234241  0.32057068  0.44879895  0.57702722
## [31]  0.70525549  0.83348377  0.96171204  1.08994031  1.21816858  1.34639685
## [37]  1.47462512  1.60285339  1.73108167  1.85930994  1.98753821  2.11576648
## [43]  2.24399475  2.37222302  2.50045130  2.62867957  2.75690784  2.88513611
## [49]  3.01336438  3.14159265

Some more complex plots:

  • contour() to represent 3d data
?contour
?outer

# assignment and printing trick ;)
(x <- seq(-pi,pi,length=50))
##  [1] -3.14159265 -3.01336438 -2.88513611 -2.75690784 -2.62867957 -2.50045130
##  [7] -2.37222302 -2.24399475 -2.11576648 -1.98753821 -1.85930994 -1.73108167
## [13] -1.60285339 -1.47462512 -1.34639685 -1.21816858 -1.08994031 -0.96171204
## [19] -0.83348377 -0.70525549 -0.57702722 -0.44879895 -0.32057068 -0.19234241
## [25] -0.06411414  0.06411414  0.19234241  0.32057068  0.44879895  0.57702722
## [31]  0.70525549  0.83348377  0.96171204  1.08994031  1.21816858  1.34639685
## [37]  1.47462512  1.60285339  1.73108167  1.85930994  1.98753821  2.11576648
## [43]  2.24399475  2.37222302  2.50045130  2.62867957  2.75690784  2.88513611
## [49]  3.01336438  3.14159265
y <- x
f <- outer(x,y,function (x,y)cos(y)/(1+x^2))
f
##              [,1]        [,2]        [,3]        [,4]        [,5]        [,6]
##  [1,] -0.09199967 -0.09124435 -0.08899081 -0.08527603 -0.08016103 -0.07372979
##  [2,] -0.09920276 -0.09838830 -0.09595832 -0.09195270 -0.08643722 -0.07950244
##  [3,] -0.10724999 -0.10636947 -0.10374236 -0.09941181 -0.09344892 -0.08595160
##  [4,] -0.11627176 -0.11531717 -0.11246907 -0.10777424 -0.10130976 -0.09318177
##  [5,] -0.12642295 -0.12538502 -0.12228827 -0.11718355 -0.11015468 -0.10131707
##  [6,] -0.13788811 -0.13675606 -0.13337846 -0.12781080 -0.12014449 -0.11050541
##  [7,] -0.15088778 -0.14964899 -0.14595297 -0.13986041 -0.13147134 -0.12092352
##  [8,] -0.16568601 -0.16432573 -0.16026723 -0.15357714 -0.14436532 -0.13278303
##  [9,] -0.18259945 -0.18110031 -0.17662751 -0.16925449 -0.15910231 -0.14633769
## [10,] -0.20200763 -0.20034915 -0.19540094 -0.18724425 -0.17601302 -0.16189166
## [11,] -0.22436448 -0.22252245 -0.21702661 -0.20796720 -0.19549297 -0.17980875
## [12,] -0.25020994 -0.24815572 -0.24202679 -0.23192379 -0.21801260 -0.20052166
## [13,] -0.28017962 -0.27787935 -0.27101630 -0.25970318 -0.24412574 -0.22453976
## [14,] -0.31500833 -0.31242211 -0.30470594 -0.29198650 -0.27447265 -0.25245196
## [15,] -0.35551960 -0.35260078 -0.34389228 -0.32953707 -0.30977087 -0.28491825
## [16,] -0.40258707 -0.39928184 -0.38942041 -0.37316471 -0.35078165 -0.32263877
## [17,] -0.45704468 -0.45329235 -0.44209697 -0.42364238 -0.39823158 -0.36628184
## [18,] -0.51951019 -0.51524502 -0.50251954 -0.48154270 -0.45265895 -0.41634255
## [19,] -0.59007662 -0.58523209 -0.57077808 -0.54695190 -0.51414479 -0.47289544
## [20,] -0.66783078 -0.66234790 -0.64598928 -0.61902354 -0.58189345 -0.53520868
## [21,] -0.75020983 -0.74405061 -0.72567411 -0.69538206 -0.65367185 -0.60122837
## [22,] -0.83234804 -0.82551448 -0.80512599 -0.77151735 -0.72524042 -0.66705506
## [23,] -0.90681105 -0.89936615 -0.87715367 -0.84053836 -0.79012143 -0.72673073
## [24,] -0.96432424 -0.95640716 -0.93278589 -0.89384830 -0.84023375 -0.77282259
## [25,] -0.99590621 -0.98772983 -0.96333496 -0.92312215 -0.86775170 -0.79813280
## [26,] -0.99590621 -0.98772983 -0.96333496 -0.92312215 -0.86775170 -0.79813280
## [27,] -0.96432424 -0.95640716 -0.93278589 -0.89384830 -0.84023375 -0.77282259
## [28,] -0.90681105 -0.89936615 -0.87715367 -0.84053836 -0.79012143 -0.72673073
## [29,] -0.83234804 -0.82551448 -0.80512599 -0.77151735 -0.72524042 -0.66705506
## [30,] -0.75020983 -0.74405061 -0.72567411 -0.69538206 -0.65367185 -0.60122837
## [31,] -0.66783078 -0.66234790 -0.64598928 -0.61902354 -0.58189345 -0.53520868
## [32,] -0.59007662 -0.58523209 -0.57077808 -0.54695190 -0.51414479 -0.47289544
## [33,] -0.51951019 -0.51524502 -0.50251954 -0.48154270 -0.45265895 -0.41634255
## [34,] -0.45704468 -0.45329235 -0.44209697 -0.42364238 -0.39823158 -0.36628184
## [35,] -0.40258707 -0.39928184 -0.38942041 -0.37316471 -0.35078165 -0.32263877
## [36,] -0.35551960 -0.35260078 -0.34389228 -0.32953707 -0.30977087 -0.28491825
## [37,] -0.31500833 -0.31242211 -0.30470594 -0.29198650 -0.27447265 -0.25245196
## [38,] -0.28017962 -0.27787935 -0.27101630 -0.25970318 -0.24412574 -0.22453976
## [39,] -0.25020994 -0.24815572 -0.24202679 -0.23192379 -0.21801260 -0.20052166
## [40,] -0.22436448 -0.22252245 -0.21702661 -0.20796720 -0.19549297 -0.17980875
## [41,] -0.20200763 -0.20034915 -0.19540094 -0.18724425 -0.17601302 -0.16189166
## [42,] -0.18259945 -0.18110031 -0.17662751 -0.16925449 -0.15910231 -0.14633769
## [43,] -0.16568601 -0.16432573 -0.16026723 -0.15357714 -0.14436532 -0.13278303
## [44,] -0.15088778 -0.14964899 -0.14595297 -0.13986041 -0.13147134 -0.12092352
## [45,] -0.13788811 -0.13675606 -0.13337846 -0.12781080 -0.12014449 -0.11050541
## [46,] -0.12642295 -0.12538502 -0.12228827 -0.11718355 -0.11015468 -0.10131707
## [47,] -0.11627176 -0.11531717 -0.11246907 -0.10777424 -0.10130976 -0.09318177
## [48,] -0.10724999 -0.10636947 -0.10374236 -0.09941181 -0.09344892 -0.08595160
## [49,] -0.09920276 -0.09838830 -0.09595832 -0.09195270 -0.08643722 -0.07950244
## [50,] -0.09199967 -0.09124435 -0.08899081 -0.08527603 -0.08016103 -0.07372979
##              [,7]        [,8]        [,9]       [,10]       [,11]       [,12]
##  [1,] -0.06608790 -0.05736085 -0.04769194 -0.03723993 -0.02617644 -0.01468314
##  [2,] -0.07126224 -0.06185191 -0.05142597 -0.04015562 -0.02822592 -0.01583275
##  [3,] -0.07704296 -0.06686927 -0.05559760 -0.04341301 -0.03051558 -0.01711709
##  [4,] -0.08352374 -0.07249426 -0.06027442 -0.04706487 -0.03308252 -0.01855696
##  [5,] -0.09081584 -0.07882342 -0.06553672 -0.05117390 -0.03597082 -0.02017709
##  [6,] -0.09905184 -0.08597183 -0.07148017 -0.05581481 -0.03923297 -0.02200693
##  [7,] -0.10839014 -0.09407699 -0.07821910 -0.06107686 -0.04293173 -0.02408167
##  [8,] -0.11902044 -0.10330354 -0.08589040 -0.06706694 -0.04714224 -0.02644347
##  [9,] -0.13117020 -0.11384889 -0.09465820 -0.07391322 -0.05195458 -0.02914285
## [10,] -0.14511205 -0.12594970 -0.10471925 -0.08176932 -0.05747674 -0.03224040
## [11,] -0.16117208 -0.13988897 -0.11630888 -0.09081901 -0.06383788 -0.03580855
## [12,] -0.17973815 -0.15600335 -0.12970697 -0.10128082 -0.07119163 -0.03993348
## [13,] -0.20126685 -0.17468913 -0.14524303 -0.11341204 -0.07971883 -0.04471664
## [14,] -0.22628603 -0.19640448 -0.16329798 -0.12751012 -0.08962856 -0.05027530
## [15,] -0.25538727 -0.22166284 -0.18429872 -0.14390841 -0.10115513 -0.05674089
## [16,] -0.28919816 -0.25100894 -0.20869815 -0.16296054 -0.11454713 -0.06425285
## [17,] -0.32831775 -0.28496270 -0.23692857 -0.18500408 -0.13004182 -0.07294428
## [18,] -0.37318981 -0.32390931 -0.26931022 -0.21028907 -0.14781498 -0.08291377
## [19,] -0.42388115 -0.36790675 -0.30589133 -0.23885319 -0.16789308 -0.09417617
## [20,] -0.47973581 -0.41638568 -0.34619851 -0.27032678 -0.19001628 -0.10658572
## [21,] -0.53891274 -0.46774818 -0.38890320 -0.30367244 -0.21345539 -0.11973341
## [22,] -0.59791668 -0.51896052 -0.43148304 -0.33692062 -0.23682598 -0.13284266
## [23,] -0.65140713 -0.56538744 -0.47008411 -0.36706201 -0.25801276 -0.14472695
## [24,] -0.69272169 -0.60124633 -0.49989852 -0.39034239 -0.27437685 -0.15390605
## [25,] -0.71540858 -0.62093736 -0.51627038 -0.40312624 -0.28336279 -0.15894653
## [26,] -0.71540858 -0.62093736 -0.51627038 -0.40312624 -0.28336279 -0.15894653
## [27,] -0.69272169 -0.60124633 -0.49989852 -0.39034239 -0.27437685 -0.15390605
## [28,] -0.65140713 -0.56538744 -0.47008411 -0.36706201 -0.25801276 -0.14472695
## [29,] -0.59791668 -0.51896052 -0.43148304 -0.33692062 -0.23682598 -0.13284266
## [30,] -0.53891274 -0.46774818 -0.38890320 -0.30367244 -0.21345539 -0.11973341
## [31,] -0.47973581 -0.41638568 -0.34619851 -0.27032678 -0.19001628 -0.10658572
## [32,] -0.42388115 -0.36790675 -0.30589133 -0.23885319 -0.16789308 -0.09417617
## [33,] -0.37318981 -0.32390931 -0.26931022 -0.21028907 -0.14781498 -0.08291377
## [34,] -0.32831775 -0.28496270 -0.23692857 -0.18500408 -0.13004182 -0.07294428
## [35,] -0.28919816 -0.25100894 -0.20869815 -0.16296054 -0.11454713 -0.06425285
## [36,] -0.25538727 -0.22166284 -0.18429872 -0.14390841 -0.10115513 -0.05674089
## [37,] -0.22628603 -0.19640448 -0.16329798 -0.12751012 -0.08962856 -0.05027530
## [38,] -0.20126685 -0.17468913 -0.14524303 -0.11341204 -0.07971883 -0.04471664
## [39,] -0.17973815 -0.15600335 -0.12970697 -0.10128082 -0.07119163 -0.03993348
## [40,] -0.16117208 -0.13988897 -0.11630888 -0.09081901 -0.06383788 -0.03580855
## [41,] -0.14511205 -0.12594970 -0.10471925 -0.08176932 -0.05747674 -0.03224040
## [42,] -0.13117020 -0.11384889 -0.09465820 -0.07391322 -0.05195458 -0.02914285
## [43,] -0.11902044 -0.10330354 -0.08589040 -0.06706694 -0.04714224 -0.02644347
## [44,] -0.10839014 -0.09407699 -0.07821910 -0.06107686 -0.04293173 -0.02408167
## [45,] -0.09905184 -0.08597183 -0.07148017 -0.05581481 -0.03923297 -0.02200693
## [46,] -0.09081584 -0.07882342 -0.06553672 -0.05117390 -0.03597082 -0.02017709
## [47,] -0.08352374 -0.07249426 -0.06027442 -0.04706487 -0.03308252 -0.01855696
## [48,] -0.07704296 -0.06686927 -0.05559760 -0.04341301 -0.03051558 -0.01711709
## [49,] -0.07126224 -0.06185191 -0.05142597 -0.04015562 -0.02822592 -0.01583275
## [50,] -0.06608790 -0.05736085 -0.04769194 -0.03723993 -0.02617644 -0.01468314
##              [,13]       [,14]      [,15]      [,16]      [,17]      [,18]
##  [1,] -0.002948735 0.008834087 0.02047185 0.03177347 0.04255337 0.05263454
##  [2,] -0.003179605 0.009525749 0.02207469 0.03426117 0.04588507 0.05675555
##  [3,] -0.003437531 0.010298468 0.02386537 0.03704040 0.04960723 0.06135950
##  [4,] -0.003726693 0.011164766 0.02587290 0.04015620 0.05378014 0.06652101
##  [5,] -0.004052055 0.012139514 0.02813175 0.04366207 0.05847545 0.07232868
##  [6,] -0.004419532 0.013240434 0.03068299 0.04762174 0.06377853 0.07888809
##  [7,] -0.004836191 0.014488701 0.03357569 0.05211137 0.06979137 0.08632541
##  [8,] -0.005310498 0.015909672 0.03686861 0.05722216 0.07663613 0.09479173
##  [9,] -0.005852600 0.017533752 0.04063220 0.06306347 0.08445924 0.10446819
## [10,] -0.006474663 0.019397384 0.04495093 0.06976638 0.09343626 0.11557193
## [11,] -0.007191236 0.021544156 0.04992579 0.07748765 0.10377716 0.12836266
## [12,] -0.008019623 0.024025916 0.05567695 0.08641377 0.11573168 0.14314928
## [13,] -0.008980199 0.026903695 0.06234583 0.09676425 0.12959380 0.16029543
## [14,] -0.010096514 0.030248053 0.07009595 0.10879287 0.14570341 0.18022151
## [15,] -0.011394964 0.034138067 0.07911055 0.12278404 0.16444143 0.20339868
## [16,] -0.012903551 0.038657629 0.08958405 0.13903951 0.18621194 0.23032677
## [17,] -0.014649003 0.043886814 0.10170201 0.15784726 0.21140067 0.26148288
## [18,] -0.016651121 0.049884941 0.11560189 0.17942067 0.24029336 0.29722044
## [19,] -0.018912886 0.056660942 0.13130440 0.20379184 0.27293303 0.33759266
## [20,] -0.021405030 0.064127132 0.14860633 0.23064541 0.30889731 0.38207712
## [21,] -0.024045408 0.072037417 0.16693739 0.25909626 0.34700077 0.42920754
## [22,] -0.026678068 0.079924578 0.18521486 0.28746393 0.38499284 0.47620018
## [23,] -0.029064725 0.087074741 0.20178444 0.31318085 0.41943483 0.51880171
## [24,] -0.030908113 0.092597332 0.21458233 0.33304390 0.44603689 0.55170597
## [25,] -0.031920365 0.095629927 0.22160998 0.34395120 0.46064475 0.56977453
## [26,] -0.031920365 0.095629927 0.22160998 0.34395120 0.46064475 0.56977453
## [27,] -0.030908113 0.092597332 0.21458233 0.33304390 0.44603689 0.55170597
## [28,] -0.029064725 0.087074741 0.20178444 0.31318085 0.41943483 0.51880171
## [29,] -0.026678068 0.079924578 0.18521486 0.28746393 0.38499284 0.47620018
## [30,] -0.024045408 0.072037417 0.16693739 0.25909626 0.34700077 0.42920754
## [31,] -0.021405030 0.064127132 0.14860633 0.23064541 0.30889731 0.38207712
## [32,] -0.018912886 0.056660942 0.13130440 0.20379184 0.27293303 0.33759266
## [33,] -0.016651121 0.049884941 0.11560189 0.17942067 0.24029336 0.29722044
## [34,] -0.014649003 0.043886814 0.10170201 0.15784726 0.21140067 0.26148288
## [35,] -0.012903551 0.038657629 0.08958405 0.13903951 0.18621194 0.23032677
## [36,] -0.011394964 0.034138067 0.07911055 0.12278404 0.16444143 0.20339868
## [37,] -0.010096514 0.030248053 0.07009595 0.10879287 0.14570341 0.18022151
## [38,] -0.008980199 0.026903695 0.06234583 0.09676425 0.12959380 0.16029543
## [39,] -0.008019623 0.024025916 0.05567695 0.08641377 0.11573168 0.14314928
## [40,] -0.007191236 0.021544156 0.04992579 0.07748765 0.10377716 0.12836266
## [41,] -0.006474663 0.019397384 0.04495093 0.06976638 0.09343626 0.11557193
## [42,] -0.005852600 0.017533752 0.04063220 0.06306347 0.08445924 0.10446819
## [43,] -0.005310498 0.015909672 0.03686861 0.05722216 0.07663613 0.09479173
## [44,] -0.004836191 0.014488701 0.03357569 0.05211137 0.06979137 0.08632541
## [45,] -0.004419532 0.013240434 0.03068299 0.04762174 0.06377853 0.07888809
## [46,] -0.004052055 0.012139514 0.02813175 0.04366207 0.05847545 0.07232868
## [47,] -0.003726693 0.011164766 0.02587290 0.04015620 0.05378014 0.06652101
## [48,] -0.003437531 0.010298468 0.02386537 0.03704040 0.04960723 0.06135950
## [49,] -0.003179605 0.009525749 0.02207469 0.03426117 0.04588507 0.05675555
## [50,] -0.002948735 0.008834087 0.02047185 0.03177347 0.04255337 0.05263454
##            [,19]      [,20]      [,21]      [,22]      [,23]      [,24]
##  [1,] 0.06185146 0.07005278 0.07710383 0.08288884 0.08731281 0.09030312
##  [2,] 0.06669410 0.07553754 0.08314065 0.08937860 0.09414895 0.09737338
##  [3,] 0.07210426 0.08166507 0.08988494 0.09662890 0.10178622 0.10527221
##  [4,] 0.07816961 0.08853466 0.09744598 0.10475723 0.11034838 0.11412761
##  [5,] 0.08499426 0.09626424 0.10595357 0.11390314 0.11998243 0.12409160
##  [6,] 0.09270230 0.10499435 0.11556239 0.12423290 0.13086351 0.13534534
##  [7,] 0.10144199 0.11489289 0.12645725 0.13594519 0.14320091 0.14810528
##  [8,] 0.11139085 0.12616095 0.13885948 0.14927794 0.15724526 0.16263062
##  [9,] 0.12276177 0.13903961 0.15303443 0.16451642 0.17329706 0.17923216
## [10,] 0.13580991 0.15381789 0.16930019 0.18200258 0.19171650 0.19828244
## [11,] 0.15084044 0.17084143 0.18803720 0.20214541 0.21293440 0.22022701
## [12,] 0.16821637 0.19052135 0.20969798 0.22543137 0.23746318 0.24559586
## [13,] 0.18836501 0.21334164 0.23481520 0.25243311 0.26590608 0.27501287
## [14,] 0.21178038 0.23986182 0.26400473 0.28381270 0.29896046 0.30919931
## [15,] 0.23901614 0.27070896 0.29795674 0.32031209 0.33740791 0.34896351
## [16,] 0.27065965 0.30654830 0.33740344 0.36271842 0.38207758 0.39516303
## [17,] 0.30727155 0.34801483 0.38304371 0.41178303 0.43376088 0.44861639
## [18,] 0.34926717 0.39557894 0.43539531 0.46806251 0.49304414 0.50992999
## [19,] 0.39670903 0.44931145 0.49453619 0.53164066 0.56001560 0.57919511
## [20,] 0.44898323 0.50851705 0.55970103 0.60169474 0.63380864 0.65551542
## [21,] 0.50436673 0.57124424 0.62874193 0.67591570 0.71199095 0.73637532
## [22,] 0.55958833 0.63378805 0.69758099 0.74991967 0.78994469 0.81699884
## [23,] 0.60964988 0.69048761 0.75998756 0.81700853 0.86061424 0.89008869
## [24,] 0.64831605 0.73428080 0.80818868 0.86882612 0.91519747 0.94654129
## [25,] 0.66954863 0.75832876 0.83465714 0.89728049 0.94517051 0.97754086
## [26,] 0.66954863 0.75832876 0.83465714 0.89728049 0.94517051 0.97754086
## [27,] 0.64831605 0.73428080 0.80818868 0.86882612 0.91519747 0.94654129
## [28,] 0.60964988 0.69048761 0.75998756 0.81700853 0.86061424 0.89008869
## [29,] 0.55958833 0.63378805 0.69758099 0.74991967 0.78994469 0.81699884
## [30,] 0.50436673 0.57124424 0.62874193 0.67591570 0.71199095 0.73637532
## [31,] 0.44898323 0.50851705 0.55970103 0.60169474 0.63380864 0.65551542
## [32,] 0.39670903 0.44931145 0.49453619 0.53164066 0.56001560 0.57919511
## [33,] 0.34926717 0.39557894 0.43539531 0.46806251 0.49304414 0.50992999
## [34,] 0.30727155 0.34801483 0.38304371 0.41178303 0.43376088 0.44861639
## [35,] 0.27065965 0.30654830 0.33740344 0.36271842 0.38207758 0.39516303
## [36,] 0.23901614 0.27070896 0.29795674 0.32031209 0.33740791 0.34896351
## [37,] 0.21178038 0.23986182 0.26400473 0.28381270 0.29896046 0.30919931
## [38,] 0.18836501 0.21334164 0.23481520 0.25243311 0.26590608 0.27501287
## [39,] 0.16821637 0.19052135 0.20969798 0.22543137 0.23746318 0.24559586
## [40,] 0.15084044 0.17084143 0.18803720 0.20214541 0.21293440 0.22022701
## [41,] 0.13580991 0.15381789 0.16930019 0.18200258 0.19171650 0.19828244
## [42,] 0.12276177 0.13903961 0.15303443 0.16451642 0.17329706 0.17923216
## [43,] 0.11139085 0.12616095 0.13885948 0.14927794 0.15724526 0.16263062
## [44,] 0.10144199 0.11489289 0.12645725 0.13594519 0.14320091 0.14810528
## [45,] 0.09270230 0.10499435 0.11556239 0.12423290 0.13086351 0.13534534
## [46,] 0.08499426 0.09626424 0.10595357 0.11390314 0.11998243 0.12409160
## [47,] 0.07816961 0.08853466 0.09744598 0.10475723 0.11034838 0.11412761
## [48,] 0.07210426 0.08166507 0.08988494 0.09662890 0.10178622 0.10527221
## [49,] 0.06669410 0.07553754 0.08314065 0.08937860 0.09414895 0.09737338
## [50,] 0.06185146 0.07005278 0.07710383 0.08288884 0.08731281 0.09030312
##            [,25]      [,26]      [,27]      [,28]      [,29]      [,30]
##  [1,] 0.09181065 0.09181065 0.09030312 0.08731281 0.08288884 0.07710383
##  [2,] 0.09899894 0.09899894 0.09737338 0.09414895 0.08937860 0.08314065
##  [3,] 0.10702963 0.10702963 0.10527221 0.10178622 0.09662890 0.08988494
##  [4,] 0.11603286 0.11603286 0.11412761 0.11034838 0.10475723 0.09744598
##  [5,] 0.12616320 0.12616320 0.12409160 0.11998243 0.11390314 0.10595357
##  [6,] 0.13760481 0.13760481 0.13534534 0.13086351 0.12423290 0.11556239
##  [7,] 0.15057776 0.15057776 0.14810528 0.14320091 0.13594519 0.12645725
##  [8,] 0.16534559 0.16534559 0.16263062 0.15724526 0.14927794 0.13885948
##  [9,] 0.18222428 0.18222428 0.17923216 0.17329706 0.16451642 0.15303443
## [10,] 0.20159258 0.20159258 0.19828244 0.19171650 0.18200258 0.16930019
## [11,] 0.22390350 0.22390350 0.22022701 0.21293440 0.20214541 0.18803720
## [12,] 0.24969586 0.24969586 0.24559586 0.23746318 0.22543137 0.20969798
## [13,] 0.27960396 0.27960396 0.27501287 0.26590608 0.25243311 0.23481520
## [14,] 0.31436111 0.31436111 0.30919931 0.29896046 0.28381270 0.26400473
## [15,] 0.35478914 0.35478914 0.34896351 0.33740791 0.32031209 0.29795674
## [16,] 0.40175992 0.40175992 0.39516303 0.38207758 0.36271842 0.33740344
## [17,] 0.45610564 0.45610564 0.44861639 0.43376088 0.41178303 0.38304371
## [18,] 0.51844281 0.51844281 0.50992999 0.49304414 0.46806251 0.43539531
## [19,] 0.58886424 0.58886424 0.57919511 0.56001560 0.53164066 0.49453619
## [20,] 0.66645865 0.66645865 0.65551542 0.63380864 0.60169474 0.55970103
## [21,] 0.74866844 0.74866844 0.73637532 0.71199095 0.67591570 0.62874193
## [22,] 0.83063789 0.83063789 0.81699884 0.78994469 0.74991967 0.69758099
## [23,] 0.90494791 0.90494791 0.89008869 0.86061424 0.81700853 0.75998756
## [24,] 0.96234294 0.96234294 0.94654129 0.91519747 0.86882612 0.80818868
## [25,] 0.99386001 0.99386001 0.97754086 0.94517051 0.89728049 0.83465714
## [26,] 0.99386001 0.99386001 0.97754086 0.94517051 0.89728049 0.83465714
## [27,] 0.96234294 0.96234294 0.94654129 0.91519747 0.86882612 0.80818868
## [28,] 0.90494791 0.90494791 0.89008869 0.86061424 0.81700853 0.75998756
## [29,] 0.83063789 0.83063789 0.81699884 0.78994469 0.74991967 0.69758099
## [30,] 0.74866844 0.74866844 0.73637532 0.71199095 0.67591570 0.62874193
## [31,] 0.66645865 0.66645865 0.65551542 0.63380864 0.60169474 0.55970103
## [32,] 0.58886424 0.58886424 0.57919511 0.56001560 0.53164066 0.49453619
## [33,] 0.51844281 0.51844281 0.50992999 0.49304414 0.46806251 0.43539531
## [34,] 0.45610564 0.45610564 0.44861639 0.43376088 0.41178303 0.38304371
## [35,] 0.40175992 0.40175992 0.39516303 0.38207758 0.36271842 0.33740344
## [36,] 0.35478914 0.35478914 0.34896351 0.33740791 0.32031209 0.29795674
## [37,] 0.31436111 0.31436111 0.30919931 0.29896046 0.28381270 0.26400473
## [38,] 0.27960396 0.27960396 0.27501287 0.26590608 0.25243311 0.23481520
## [39,] 0.24969586 0.24969586 0.24559586 0.23746318 0.22543137 0.20969798
## [40,] 0.22390350 0.22390350 0.22022701 0.21293440 0.20214541 0.18803720
## [41,] 0.20159258 0.20159258 0.19828244 0.19171650 0.18200258 0.16930019
## [42,] 0.18222428 0.18222428 0.17923216 0.17329706 0.16451642 0.15303443
## [43,] 0.16534559 0.16534559 0.16263062 0.15724526 0.14927794 0.13885948
## [44,] 0.15057776 0.15057776 0.14810528 0.14320091 0.13594519 0.12645725
## [45,] 0.13760481 0.13760481 0.13534534 0.13086351 0.12423290 0.11556239
## [46,] 0.12616320 0.12616320 0.12409160 0.11998243 0.11390314 0.10595357
## [47,] 0.11603286 0.11603286 0.11412761 0.11034838 0.10475723 0.09744598
## [48,] 0.10702963 0.10702963 0.10527221 0.10178622 0.09662890 0.08988494
## [49,] 0.09899894 0.09899894 0.09737338 0.09414895 0.08937860 0.08314065
## [50,] 0.09181065 0.09181065 0.09030312 0.08731281 0.08288884 0.07710383
##            [,31]      [,32]      [,33]      [,34]      [,35]      [,36]
##  [1,] 0.07005278 0.06185146 0.05263454 0.04255337 0.03177347 0.02047185
##  [2,] 0.07553754 0.06669410 0.05675555 0.04588507 0.03426117 0.02207469
##  [3,] 0.08166507 0.07210426 0.06135950 0.04960723 0.03704040 0.02386537
##  [4,] 0.08853466 0.07816961 0.06652101 0.05378014 0.04015620 0.02587290
##  [5,] 0.09626424 0.08499426 0.07232868 0.05847545 0.04366207 0.02813175
##  [6,] 0.10499435 0.09270230 0.07888809 0.06377853 0.04762174 0.03068299
##  [7,] 0.11489289 0.10144199 0.08632541 0.06979137 0.05211137 0.03357569
##  [8,] 0.12616095 0.11139085 0.09479173 0.07663613 0.05722216 0.03686861
##  [9,] 0.13903961 0.12276177 0.10446819 0.08445924 0.06306347 0.04063220
## [10,] 0.15381789 0.13580991 0.11557193 0.09343626 0.06976638 0.04495093
## [11,] 0.17084143 0.15084044 0.12836266 0.10377716 0.07748765 0.04992579
## [12,] 0.19052135 0.16821637 0.14314928 0.11573168 0.08641377 0.05567695
## [13,] 0.21334164 0.18836501 0.16029543 0.12959380 0.09676425 0.06234583
## [14,] 0.23986182 0.21178038 0.18022151 0.14570341 0.10879287 0.07009595
## [15,] 0.27070896 0.23901614 0.20339868 0.16444143 0.12278404 0.07911055
## [16,] 0.30654830 0.27065965 0.23032677 0.18621194 0.13903951 0.08958405
## [17,] 0.34801483 0.30727155 0.26148288 0.21140067 0.15784726 0.10170201
## [18,] 0.39557894 0.34926717 0.29722044 0.24029336 0.17942067 0.11560189
## [19,] 0.44931145 0.39670903 0.33759266 0.27293303 0.20379184 0.13130440
## [20,] 0.50851705 0.44898323 0.38207712 0.30889731 0.23064541 0.14860633
## [21,] 0.57124424 0.50436673 0.42920754 0.34700077 0.25909626 0.16693739
## [22,] 0.63378805 0.55958833 0.47620018 0.38499284 0.28746393 0.18521486
## [23,] 0.69048761 0.60964988 0.51880171 0.41943483 0.31318085 0.20178444
## [24,] 0.73428080 0.64831605 0.55170597 0.44603689 0.33304390 0.21458233
## [25,] 0.75832876 0.66954863 0.56977453 0.46064475 0.34395120 0.22160998
## [26,] 0.75832876 0.66954863 0.56977453 0.46064475 0.34395120 0.22160998
## [27,] 0.73428080 0.64831605 0.55170597 0.44603689 0.33304390 0.21458233
## [28,] 0.69048761 0.60964988 0.51880171 0.41943483 0.31318085 0.20178444
## [29,] 0.63378805 0.55958833 0.47620018 0.38499284 0.28746393 0.18521486
## [30,] 0.57124424 0.50436673 0.42920754 0.34700077 0.25909626 0.16693739
## [31,] 0.50851705 0.44898323 0.38207712 0.30889731 0.23064541 0.14860633
## [32,] 0.44931145 0.39670903 0.33759266 0.27293303 0.20379184 0.13130440
## [33,] 0.39557894 0.34926717 0.29722044 0.24029336 0.17942067 0.11560189
## [34,] 0.34801483 0.30727155 0.26148288 0.21140067 0.15784726 0.10170201
## [35,] 0.30654830 0.27065965 0.23032677 0.18621194 0.13903951 0.08958405
## [36,] 0.27070896 0.23901614 0.20339868 0.16444143 0.12278404 0.07911055
## [37,] 0.23986182 0.21178038 0.18022151 0.14570341 0.10879287 0.07009595
## [38,] 0.21334164 0.18836501 0.16029543 0.12959380 0.09676425 0.06234583
## [39,] 0.19052135 0.16821637 0.14314928 0.11573168 0.08641377 0.05567695
## [40,] 0.17084143 0.15084044 0.12836266 0.10377716 0.07748765 0.04992579
## [41,] 0.15381789 0.13580991 0.11557193 0.09343626 0.06976638 0.04495093
## [42,] 0.13903961 0.12276177 0.10446819 0.08445924 0.06306347 0.04063220
## [43,] 0.12616095 0.11139085 0.09479173 0.07663613 0.05722216 0.03686861
## [44,] 0.11489289 0.10144199 0.08632541 0.06979137 0.05211137 0.03357569
## [45,] 0.10499435 0.09270230 0.07888809 0.06377853 0.04762174 0.03068299
## [46,] 0.09626424 0.08499426 0.07232868 0.05847545 0.04366207 0.02813175
## [47,] 0.08853466 0.07816961 0.06652101 0.05378014 0.04015620 0.02587290
## [48,] 0.08166507 0.07210426 0.06135950 0.04960723 0.03704040 0.02386537
## [49,] 0.07553754 0.06669410 0.05675555 0.04588507 0.03426117 0.02207469
## [50,] 0.07005278 0.06185146 0.05263454 0.04255337 0.03177347 0.02047185
##             [,37]        [,38]       [,39]       [,40]       [,41]       [,42]
##  [1,] 0.008834087 -0.002948735 -0.01468314 -0.02617644 -0.03723993 -0.04769194
##  [2,] 0.009525749 -0.003179605 -0.01583275 -0.02822592 -0.04015562 -0.05142597
##  [3,] 0.010298468 -0.003437531 -0.01711709 -0.03051558 -0.04341301 -0.05559760
##  [4,] 0.011164766 -0.003726693 -0.01855696 -0.03308252 -0.04706487 -0.06027442
##  [5,] 0.012139514 -0.004052055 -0.02017709 -0.03597082 -0.05117390 -0.06553672
##  [6,] 0.013240434 -0.004419532 -0.02200693 -0.03923297 -0.05581481 -0.07148017
##  [7,] 0.014488701 -0.004836191 -0.02408167 -0.04293173 -0.06107686 -0.07821910
##  [8,] 0.015909672 -0.005310498 -0.02644347 -0.04714224 -0.06706694 -0.08589040
##  [9,] 0.017533752 -0.005852600 -0.02914285 -0.05195458 -0.07391322 -0.09465820
## [10,] 0.019397384 -0.006474663 -0.03224040 -0.05747674 -0.08176932 -0.10471925
## [11,] 0.021544156 -0.007191236 -0.03580855 -0.06383788 -0.09081901 -0.11630888
## [12,] 0.024025916 -0.008019623 -0.03993348 -0.07119163 -0.10128082 -0.12970697
## [13,] 0.026903695 -0.008980199 -0.04471664 -0.07971883 -0.11341204 -0.14524303
## [14,] 0.030248053 -0.010096514 -0.05027530 -0.08962856 -0.12751012 -0.16329798
## [15,] 0.034138067 -0.011394964 -0.05674089 -0.10115513 -0.14390841 -0.18429872
## [16,] 0.038657629 -0.012903551 -0.06425285 -0.11454713 -0.16296054 -0.20869815
## [17,] 0.043886814 -0.014649003 -0.07294428 -0.13004182 -0.18500408 -0.23692857
## [18,] 0.049884941 -0.016651121 -0.08291377 -0.14781498 -0.21028907 -0.26931022
## [19,] 0.056660942 -0.018912886 -0.09417617 -0.16789308 -0.23885319 -0.30589133
## [20,] 0.064127132 -0.021405030 -0.10658572 -0.19001628 -0.27032678 -0.34619851
## [21,] 0.072037417 -0.024045408 -0.11973341 -0.21345539 -0.30367244 -0.38890320
## [22,] 0.079924578 -0.026678068 -0.13284266 -0.23682598 -0.33692062 -0.43148304
## [23,] 0.087074741 -0.029064725 -0.14472695 -0.25801276 -0.36706201 -0.47008411
## [24,] 0.092597332 -0.030908113 -0.15390605 -0.27437685 -0.39034239 -0.49989852
## [25,] 0.095629927 -0.031920365 -0.15894653 -0.28336279 -0.40312624 -0.51627038
## [26,] 0.095629927 -0.031920365 -0.15894653 -0.28336279 -0.40312624 -0.51627038
## [27,] 0.092597332 -0.030908113 -0.15390605 -0.27437685 -0.39034239 -0.49989852
## [28,] 0.087074741 -0.029064725 -0.14472695 -0.25801276 -0.36706201 -0.47008411
## [29,] 0.079924578 -0.026678068 -0.13284266 -0.23682598 -0.33692062 -0.43148304
## [30,] 0.072037417 -0.024045408 -0.11973341 -0.21345539 -0.30367244 -0.38890320
## [31,] 0.064127132 -0.021405030 -0.10658572 -0.19001628 -0.27032678 -0.34619851
## [32,] 0.056660942 -0.018912886 -0.09417617 -0.16789308 -0.23885319 -0.30589133
## [33,] 0.049884941 -0.016651121 -0.08291377 -0.14781498 -0.21028907 -0.26931022
## [34,] 0.043886814 -0.014649003 -0.07294428 -0.13004182 -0.18500408 -0.23692857
## [35,] 0.038657629 -0.012903551 -0.06425285 -0.11454713 -0.16296054 -0.20869815
## [36,] 0.034138067 -0.011394964 -0.05674089 -0.10115513 -0.14390841 -0.18429872
## [37,] 0.030248053 -0.010096514 -0.05027530 -0.08962856 -0.12751012 -0.16329798
## [38,] 0.026903695 -0.008980199 -0.04471664 -0.07971883 -0.11341204 -0.14524303
## [39,] 0.024025916 -0.008019623 -0.03993348 -0.07119163 -0.10128082 -0.12970697
## [40,] 0.021544156 -0.007191236 -0.03580855 -0.06383788 -0.09081901 -0.11630888
## [41,] 0.019397384 -0.006474663 -0.03224040 -0.05747674 -0.08176932 -0.10471925
## [42,] 0.017533752 -0.005852600 -0.02914285 -0.05195458 -0.07391322 -0.09465820
## [43,] 0.015909672 -0.005310498 -0.02644347 -0.04714224 -0.06706694 -0.08589040
## [44,] 0.014488701 -0.004836191 -0.02408167 -0.04293173 -0.06107686 -0.07821910
## [45,] 0.013240434 -0.004419532 -0.02200693 -0.03923297 -0.05581481 -0.07148017
## [46,] 0.012139514 -0.004052055 -0.02017709 -0.03597082 -0.05117390 -0.06553672
## [47,] 0.011164766 -0.003726693 -0.01855696 -0.03308252 -0.04706487 -0.06027442
## [48,] 0.010298468 -0.003437531 -0.01711709 -0.03051558 -0.04341301 -0.05559760
## [49,] 0.009525749 -0.003179605 -0.01583275 -0.02822592 -0.04015562 -0.05142597
## [50,] 0.008834087 -0.002948735 -0.01468314 -0.02617644 -0.03723993 -0.04769194
##             [,43]       [,44]       [,45]       [,46]       [,47]       [,48]
##  [1,] -0.05736085 -0.06608790 -0.07372979 -0.08016103 -0.08527603 -0.08899081
##  [2,] -0.06185191 -0.07126224 -0.07950244 -0.08643722 -0.09195270 -0.09595832
##  [3,] -0.06686927 -0.07704296 -0.08595160 -0.09344892 -0.09941181 -0.10374236
##  [4,] -0.07249426 -0.08352374 -0.09318177 -0.10130976 -0.10777424 -0.11246907
##  [5,] -0.07882342 -0.09081584 -0.10131707 -0.11015468 -0.11718355 -0.12228827
##  [6,] -0.08597183 -0.09905184 -0.11050541 -0.12014449 -0.12781080 -0.13337846
##  [7,] -0.09407699 -0.10839014 -0.12092352 -0.13147134 -0.13986041 -0.14595297
##  [8,] -0.10330354 -0.11902044 -0.13278303 -0.14436532 -0.15357714 -0.16026723
##  [9,] -0.11384889 -0.13117020 -0.14633769 -0.15910231 -0.16925449 -0.17662751
## [10,] -0.12594970 -0.14511205 -0.16189166 -0.17601302 -0.18724425 -0.19540094
## [11,] -0.13988897 -0.16117208 -0.17980875 -0.19549297 -0.20796720 -0.21702661
## [12,] -0.15600335 -0.17973815 -0.20052166 -0.21801260 -0.23192379 -0.24202679
## [13,] -0.17468913 -0.20126685 -0.22453976 -0.24412574 -0.25970318 -0.27101630
## [14,] -0.19640448 -0.22628603 -0.25245196 -0.27447265 -0.29198650 -0.30470594
## [15,] -0.22166284 -0.25538727 -0.28491825 -0.30977087 -0.32953707 -0.34389228
## [16,] -0.25100894 -0.28919816 -0.32263877 -0.35078165 -0.37316471 -0.38942041
## [17,] -0.28496270 -0.32831775 -0.36628184 -0.39823158 -0.42364238 -0.44209697
## [18,] -0.32390931 -0.37318981 -0.41634255 -0.45265895 -0.48154270 -0.50251954
## [19,] -0.36790675 -0.42388115 -0.47289544 -0.51414479 -0.54695190 -0.57077808
## [20,] -0.41638568 -0.47973581 -0.53520868 -0.58189345 -0.61902354 -0.64598928
## [21,] -0.46774818 -0.53891274 -0.60122837 -0.65367185 -0.69538206 -0.72567411
## [22,] -0.51896052 -0.59791668 -0.66705506 -0.72524042 -0.77151735 -0.80512599
## [23,] -0.56538744 -0.65140713 -0.72673073 -0.79012143 -0.84053836 -0.87715367
## [24,] -0.60124633 -0.69272169 -0.77282259 -0.84023375 -0.89384830 -0.93278589
## [25,] -0.62093736 -0.71540858 -0.79813280 -0.86775170 -0.92312215 -0.96333496
## [26,] -0.62093736 -0.71540858 -0.79813280 -0.86775170 -0.92312215 -0.96333496
## [27,] -0.60124633 -0.69272169 -0.77282259 -0.84023375 -0.89384830 -0.93278589
## [28,] -0.56538744 -0.65140713 -0.72673073 -0.79012143 -0.84053836 -0.87715367
## [29,] -0.51896052 -0.59791668 -0.66705506 -0.72524042 -0.77151735 -0.80512599
## [30,] -0.46774818 -0.53891274 -0.60122837 -0.65367185 -0.69538206 -0.72567411
## [31,] -0.41638568 -0.47973581 -0.53520868 -0.58189345 -0.61902354 -0.64598928
## [32,] -0.36790675 -0.42388115 -0.47289544 -0.51414479 -0.54695190 -0.57077808
## [33,] -0.32390931 -0.37318981 -0.41634255 -0.45265895 -0.48154270 -0.50251954
## [34,] -0.28496270 -0.32831775 -0.36628184 -0.39823158 -0.42364238 -0.44209697
## [35,] -0.25100894 -0.28919816 -0.32263877 -0.35078165 -0.37316471 -0.38942041
## [36,] -0.22166284 -0.25538727 -0.28491825 -0.30977087 -0.32953707 -0.34389228
## [37,] -0.19640448 -0.22628603 -0.25245196 -0.27447265 -0.29198650 -0.30470594
## [38,] -0.17468913 -0.20126685 -0.22453976 -0.24412574 -0.25970318 -0.27101630
## [39,] -0.15600335 -0.17973815 -0.20052166 -0.21801260 -0.23192379 -0.24202679
## [40,] -0.13988897 -0.16117208 -0.17980875 -0.19549297 -0.20796720 -0.21702661
## [41,] -0.12594970 -0.14511205 -0.16189166 -0.17601302 -0.18724425 -0.19540094
## [42,] -0.11384889 -0.13117020 -0.14633769 -0.15910231 -0.16925449 -0.17662751
## [43,] -0.10330354 -0.11902044 -0.13278303 -0.14436532 -0.15357714 -0.16026723
## [44,] -0.09407699 -0.10839014 -0.12092352 -0.13147134 -0.13986041 -0.14595297
## [45,] -0.08597183 -0.09905184 -0.11050541 -0.12014449 -0.12781080 -0.13337846
## [46,] -0.07882342 -0.09081584 -0.10131707 -0.11015468 -0.11718355 -0.12228827
## [47,] -0.07249426 -0.08352374 -0.09318177 -0.10130976 -0.10777424 -0.11246907
## [48,] -0.06686927 -0.07704296 -0.08595160 -0.09344892 -0.09941181 -0.10374236
## [49,] -0.06185191 -0.07126224 -0.07950244 -0.08643722 -0.09195270 -0.09595832
## [50,] -0.05736085 -0.06608790 -0.07372979 -0.08016103 -0.08527603 -0.08899081
##             [,49]       [,50]
##  [1,] -0.09124435 -0.09199967
##  [2,] -0.09838830 -0.09920276
##  [3,] -0.10636947 -0.10724999
##  [4,] -0.11531717 -0.11627176
##  [5,] -0.12538502 -0.12642295
##  [6,] -0.13675606 -0.13788811
##  [7,] -0.14964899 -0.15088778
##  [8,] -0.16432573 -0.16568601
##  [9,] -0.18110031 -0.18259945
## [10,] -0.20034915 -0.20200763
## [11,] -0.22252245 -0.22436448
## [12,] -0.24815572 -0.25020994
## [13,] -0.27787935 -0.28017962
## [14,] -0.31242211 -0.31500833
## [15,] -0.35260078 -0.35551960
## [16,] -0.39928184 -0.40258707
## [17,] -0.45329235 -0.45704468
## [18,] -0.51524502 -0.51951019
## [19,] -0.58523209 -0.59007662
## [20,] -0.66234790 -0.66783078
## [21,] -0.74405061 -0.75020983
## [22,] -0.82551448 -0.83234804
## [23,] -0.89936615 -0.90681105
## [24,] -0.95640716 -0.96432424
## [25,] -0.98772983 -0.99590621
## [26,] -0.98772983 -0.99590621
## [27,] -0.95640716 -0.96432424
## [28,] -0.89936615 -0.90681105
## [29,] -0.82551448 -0.83234804
## [30,] -0.74405061 -0.75020983
## [31,] -0.66234790 -0.66783078
## [32,] -0.58523209 -0.59007662
## [33,] -0.51524502 -0.51951019
## [34,] -0.45329235 -0.45704468
## [35,] -0.39928184 -0.40258707
## [36,] -0.35260078 -0.35551960
## [37,] -0.31242211 -0.31500833
## [38,] -0.27787935 -0.28017962
## [39,] -0.24815572 -0.25020994
## [40,] -0.22252245 -0.22436448
## [41,] -0.20034915 -0.20200763
## [42,] -0.18110031 -0.18259945
## [43,] -0.16432573 -0.16568601
## [44,] -0.14964899 -0.15088778
## [45,] -0.13675606 -0.13788811
## [46,] -0.12538502 -0.12642295
## [47,] -0.11531717 -0.11627176
## [48,] -0.10636947 -0.10724999
## [49,] -0.09838830 -0.09920276
## [50,] -0.09124435 -0.09199967
contour(x, y, f)
contour(x,y,f,nlevels=45,add=T)

fa <- (f-t(f))/2
contour(x,y,fa,nlevels=15)

  • image() to produce a color-coded plot whose colors depend on the z value (a.k.a. heatmap)
image(x,y,fa)

  • persp() to produce a three-dimensional plot - The arguments theta and phi control the angles at which the plot is viewed.
persp(x,y,fa)

persp(x,y,fa,theta=30)

persp(x,y,fa,theta=30,phi=20)

persp(x,y,fa,theta=30,phi=70)

persp(x,y,fa,theta=30,phi=40)

1.3 Indexing data

Examining a subset of a dataset A

A <- matrix(1:16,4,4)
A
##      [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]
## [1,]    1    5    9   13
## [2,]    2    6   10   14
## [3,]    3    7   11   15
## [4,]    4    8   12   16
A[2,3]
## [1] 10
A[c(1,3),c(2,4)]
##      [,1] [,2]
## [1,]    5   13
## [2,]    7   15
A[1:3,2:4]
##      [,1] [,2] [,3]
## [1,]    5    9   13
## [2,]    6   10   14
## [3,]    7   11   15
A[1,]
## [1]  1  5  9 13
A[1:2,]
##      [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]
## [1,]    1    5    9   13
## [2,]    2    6   10   14
A[,1:2]
##      [,1] [,2]
## [1,]    1    5
## [2,]    2    6
## [3,]    3    7
## [4,]    4    8
A[-c(1,3),]
##      [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]
## [1,]    2    6   10   14
## [2,]    4    8   12   16

dimensions

dim(A)
## [1] 4 4

1.4 Loading data

library(ISLR)
Auto
##      mpg cylinders displacement horsepower weight acceleration year origin
## 1   18.0         8        307.0        130   3504         12.0   70      1
## 2   15.0         8        350.0        165   3693         11.5   70      1
## 3   18.0         8        318.0        150   3436         11.0   70      1
## 4   16.0         8        304.0        150   3433         12.0   70      1
## 5   17.0         8        302.0        140   3449         10.5   70      1
## 6   15.0         8        429.0        198   4341         10.0   70      1
## 7   14.0         8        454.0        220   4354          9.0   70      1
## 8   14.0         8        440.0        215   4312          8.5   70      1
## 9   14.0         8        455.0        225   4425         10.0   70      1
## 10  15.0         8        390.0        190   3850          8.5   70      1
## 11  15.0         8        383.0        170   3563         10.0   70      1
## 12  14.0         8        340.0        160   3609          8.0   70      1
## 13  15.0         8        400.0        150   3761          9.5   70      1
## 14  14.0         8        455.0        225   3086         10.0   70      1
## 15  24.0         4        113.0         95   2372         15.0   70      3
## 16  22.0         6        198.0         95   2833         15.5   70      1
## 17  18.0         6        199.0         97   2774         15.5   70      1
## 18  21.0         6        200.0         85   2587         16.0   70      1
## 19  27.0         4         97.0         88   2130         14.5   70      3
## 20  26.0         4         97.0         46   1835         20.5   70      2
## 21  25.0         4        110.0         87   2672         17.5   70      2
## 22  24.0         4        107.0         90   2430         14.5   70      2
## 23  25.0         4        104.0         95   2375         17.5   70      2
## 24  26.0         4        121.0        113   2234         12.5   70      2
## 25  21.0         6        199.0         90   2648         15.0   70      1
## 26  10.0         8        360.0        215   4615         14.0   70      1
## 27  10.0         8        307.0        200   4376         15.0   70      1
## 28  11.0         8        318.0        210   4382         13.5   70      1
## 29   9.0         8        304.0        193   4732         18.5   70      1
## 30  27.0         4         97.0         88   2130         14.5   71      3
## 31  28.0         4        140.0         90   2264         15.5   71      1
## 32  25.0         4        113.0         95   2228         14.0   71      3
## 34  19.0         6        232.0        100   2634         13.0   71      1
## 35  16.0         6        225.0        105   3439         15.5   71      1
## 36  17.0         6        250.0        100   3329         15.5   71      1
## 37  19.0         6        250.0         88   3302         15.5   71      1
## 38  18.0         6        232.0        100   3288         15.5   71      1
## 39  14.0         8        350.0        165   4209         12.0   71      1
## 40  14.0         8        400.0        175   4464         11.5   71      1
## 41  14.0         8        351.0        153   4154         13.5   71      1
## 42  14.0         8        318.0        150   4096         13.0   71      1
## 43  12.0         8        383.0        180   4955         11.5   71      1
## 44  13.0         8        400.0        170   4746         12.0   71      1
## 45  13.0         8        400.0        175   5140         12.0   71      1
## 46  18.0         6        258.0        110   2962         13.5   71      1
## 47  22.0         4        140.0         72   2408         19.0   71      1
## 48  19.0         6        250.0        100   3282         15.0   71      1
## 49  18.0         6        250.0         88   3139         14.5   71      1
## 50  23.0         4        122.0         86   2220         14.0   71      1
## 51  28.0         4        116.0         90   2123         14.0   71      2
## 52  30.0         4         79.0         70   2074         19.5   71      2
## 53  30.0         4         88.0         76   2065         14.5   71      2
## 54  31.0         4         71.0         65   1773         19.0   71      3
## 55  35.0         4         72.0         69   1613         18.0   71      3
## 56  27.0         4         97.0         60   1834         19.0   71      2
## 57  26.0         4         91.0         70   1955         20.5   71      1
## 58  24.0         4        113.0         95   2278         15.5   72      3
## 59  25.0         4         97.5         80   2126         17.0   72      1
## 60  23.0         4         97.0         54   2254         23.5   72      2
## 61  20.0         4        140.0         90   2408         19.5   72      1
## 62  21.0         4        122.0         86   2226         16.5   72      1
## 63  13.0         8        350.0        165   4274         12.0   72      1
## 64  14.0         8        400.0        175   4385         12.0   72      1
## 65  15.0         8        318.0        150   4135         13.5   72      1
## 66  14.0         8        351.0        153   4129         13.0   72      1
## 67  17.0         8        304.0        150   3672         11.5   72      1
## 68  11.0         8        429.0        208   4633         11.0   72      1
## 69  13.0         8        350.0        155   4502         13.5   72      1
## 70  12.0         8        350.0        160   4456         13.5   72      1
## 71  13.0         8        400.0        190   4422         12.5   72      1
## 72  19.0         3         70.0         97   2330         13.5   72      3
## 73  15.0         8        304.0        150   3892         12.5   72      1
## 74  13.0         8        307.0        130   4098         14.0   72      1
## 75  13.0         8        302.0        140   4294         16.0   72      1
## 76  14.0         8        318.0        150   4077         14.0   72      1
## 77  18.0         4        121.0        112   2933         14.5   72      2
## 78  22.0         4        121.0         76   2511         18.0   72      2
## 79  21.0         4        120.0         87   2979         19.5   72      2
## 80  26.0         4         96.0         69   2189         18.0   72      2
## 81  22.0         4        122.0         86   2395         16.0   72      1
## 82  28.0         4         97.0         92   2288         17.0   72      3
## 83  23.0         4        120.0         97   2506         14.5   72      3
## 84  28.0         4         98.0         80   2164         15.0   72      1
## 85  27.0         4         97.0         88   2100         16.5   72      3
## 86  13.0         8        350.0        175   4100         13.0   73      1
## 87  14.0         8        304.0        150   3672         11.5   73      1
## 88  13.0         8        350.0        145   3988         13.0   73      1
## 89  14.0         8        302.0        137   4042         14.5   73      1
## 90  15.0         8        318.0        150   3777         12.5   73      1
## 91  12.0         8        429.0        198   4952         11.5   73      1
## 92  13.0         8        400.0        150   4464         12.0   73      1
## 93  13.0         8        351.0        158   4363         13.0   73      1
## 94  14.0         8        318.0        150   4237         14.5   73      1
## 95  13.0         8        440.0        215   4735         11.0   73      1
## 96  12.0         8        455.0        225   4951         11.0   73      1
## 97  13.0         8        360.0        175   3821         11.0   73      1
## 98  18.0         6        225.0        105   3121         16.5   73      1
## 99  16.0         6        250.0        100   3278         18.0   73      1
## 100 18.0         6        232.0        100   2945         16.0   73      1
## 101 18.0         6        250.0         88   3021         16.5   73      1
## 102 23.0         6        198.0         95   2904         16.0   73      1
## 103 26.0         4         97.0         46   1950         21.0   73      2
## 104 11.0         8        400.0        150   4997         14.0   73      1
## 105 12.0         8        400.0        167   4906         12.5   73      1
## 106 13.0         8        360.0        170   4654         13.0   73      1
## 107 12.0         8        350.0        180   4499         12.5   73      1
## 108 18.0         6        232.0        100   2789         15.0   73      1
## 109 20.0         4         97.0         88   2279         19.0   73      3
## 110 21.0         4        140.0         72   2401         19.5   73      1
## 111 22.0         4        108.0         94   2379         16.5   73      3
## 112 18.0         3         70.0         90   2124         13.5   73      3
## 113 19.0         4        122.0         85   2310         18.5   73      1
## 114 21.0         6        155.0        107   2472         14.0   73      1
## 115 26.0         4         98.0         90   2265         15.5   73      2
## 116 15.0         8        350.0        145   4082         13.0   73      1
## 117 16.0         8        400.0        230   4278          9.5   73      1
## 118 29.0         4         68.0         49   1867         19.5   73      2
## 119 24.0         4        116.0         75   2158         15.5   73      2
## 120 20.0         4        114.0         91   2582         14.0   73      2
## 121 19.0         4        121.0        112   2868         15.5   73      2
## 122 15.0         8        318.0        150   3399         11.0   73      1
## 123 24.0         4        121.0        110   2660         14.0   73      2
## 124 20.0         6        156.0        122   2807         13.5   73      3
## 125 11.0         8        350.0        180   3664         11.0   73      1
## 126 20.0         6        198.0         95   3102         16.5   74      1
## 128 19.0         6        232.0        100   2901         16.0   74      1
## 129 15.0         6        250.0        100   3336         17.0   74      1
## 130 31.0         4         79.0         67   1950         19.0   74      3
## 131 26.0         4        122.0         80   2451         16.5   74      1
## 132 32.0         4         71.0         65   1836         21.0   74      3
## 133 25.0         4        140.0         75   2542         17.0   74      1
## 134 16.0         6        250.0        100   3781         17.0   74      1
## 135 16.0         6        258.0        110   3632         18.0   74      1
## 136 18.0         6        225.0        105   3613         16.5   74      1
## 137 16.0         8        302.0        140   4141         14.0   74      1
## 138 13.0         8        350.0        150   4699         14.5   74      1
## 139 14.0         8        318.0        150   4457         13.5   74      1
## 140 14.0         8        302.0        140   4638         16.0   74      1
## 141 14.0         8        304.0        150   4257         15.5   74      1
## 142 29.0         4         98.0         83   2219         16.5   74      2
## 143 26.0         4         79.0         67   1963         15.5   74      2
## 144 26.0         4         97.0         78   2300         14.5   74      2
## 145 31.0         4         76.0         52   1649         16.5   74      3
## 146 32.0         4         83.0         61   2003         19.0   74      3
## 147 28.0         4         90.0         75   2125         14.5   74      1
## 148 24.0         4         90.0         75   2108         15.5   74      2
## 149 26.0         4        116.0         75   2246         14.0   74      2
## 150 24.0         4        120.0         97   2489         15.0   74      3
## 151 26.0         4        108.0         93   2391         15.5   74      3
## 152 31.0         4         79.0         67   2000         16.0   74      2
## 153 19.0         6        225.0         95   3264         16.0   75      1
## 154 18.0         6        250.0        105   3459         16.0   75      1
## 155 15.0         6        250.0         72   3432         21.0   75      1
## 156 15.0         6        250.0         72   3158         19.5   75      1
## 157 16.0         8        400.0        170   4668         11.5   75      1
## 158 15.0         8        350.0        145   4440         14.0   75      1
## 159 16.0         8        318.0        150   4498         14.5   75      1
## 160 14.0         8        351.0        148   4657         13.5   75      1
## 161 17.0         6        231.0        110   3907         21.0   75      1
## 162 16.0         6        250.0        105   3897         18.5   75      1
## 163 15.0         6        258.0        110   3730         19.0   75      1
## 164 18.0         6        225.0         95   3785         19.0   75      1
## 165 21.0         6        231.0        110   3039         15.0   75      1
## 166 20.0         8        262.0        110   3221         13.5   75      1
## 167 13.0         8        302.0        129   3169         12.0   75      1
## 168 29.0         4         97.0         75   2171         16.0   75      3
## 169 23.0         4        140.0         83   2639         17.0   75      1
## 170 20.0         6        232.0        100   2914         16.0   75      1
## 171 23.0         4        140.0         78   2592         18.5   75      1
## 172 24.0         4        134.0         96   2702         13.5   75      3
## 173 25.0         4         90.0         71   2223         16.5   75      2
## 174 24.0         4        119.0         97   2545         17.0   75      3
## 175 18.0         6        171.0         97   2984         14.5   75      1
## 176 29.0         4         90.0         70   1937         14.0   75      2
## 177 19.0         6        232.0         90   3211         17.0   75      1
## 178 23.0         4        115.0         95   2694         15.0   75      2
## 179 23.0         4        120.0         88   2957         17.0   75      2
## 180 22.0         4        121.0         98   2945         14.5   75      2
## 181 25.0         4        121.0        115   2671         13.5   75      2
## 182 33.0         4         91.0         53   1795         17.5   75      3
## 183 28.0         4        107.0         86   2464         15.5   76      2
## 184 25.0         4        116.0         81   2220         16.9   76      2
## 185 25.0         4        140.0         92   2572         14.9   76      1
## 186 26.0         4         98.0         79   2255         17.7   76      1
## 187 27.0         4        101.0         83   2202         15.3   76      2
## 188 17.5         8        305.0        140   4215         13.0   76      1
## 189 16.0         8        318.0        150   4190         13.0   76      1
## 190 15.5         8        304.0        120   3962         13.9   76      1
## 191 14.5         8        351.0        152   4215         12.8   76      1
## 192 22.0         6        225.0        100   3233         15.4   76      1
## 193 22.0         6        250.0        105   3353         14.5   76      1
## 194 24.0         6        200.0         81   3012         17.6   76      1
## 195 22.5         6        232.0         90   3085         17.6   76      1
## 196 29.0         4         85.0         52   2035         22.2   76      1
## 197 24.5         4         98.0         60   2164         22.1   76      1
## 198 29.0         4         90.0         70   1937         14.2   76      2
## 199 33.0         4         91.0         53   1795         17.4   76      3
## 200 20.0         6        225.0        100   3651         17.7   76      1
## 201 18.0         6        250.0         78   3574         21.0   76      1
## 202 18.5         6        250.0        110   3645         16.2   76      1
## 203 17.5         6        258.0         95   3193         17.8   76      1
## 204 29.5         4         97.0         71   1825         12.2   76      2
## 205 32.0         4         85.0         70   1990         17.0   76      3
## 206 28.0         4         97.0         75   2155         16.4   76      3
## 207 26.5         4        140.0         72   2565         13.6   76      1
## 208 20.0         4        130.0        102   3150         15.7   76      2
## 209 13.0         8        318.0        150   3940         13.2   76      1
## 210 19.0         4        120.0         88   3270         21.9   76      2
## 211 19.0         6        156.0        108   2930         15.5   76      3
## 212 16.5         6        168.0        120   3820         16.7   76      2
## 213 16.5         8        350.0        180   4380         12.1   76      1
## 214 13.0         8        350.0        145   4055         12.0   76      1
## 215 13.0         8        302.0        130   3870         15.0   76      1
## 216 13.0         8        318.0        150   3755         14.0   76      1
## 217 31.5         4         98.0         68   2045         18.5   77      3
## 218 30.0         4        111.0         80   2155         14.8   77      1
## 219 36.0         4         79.0         58   1825         18.6   77      2
## 220 25.5         4        122.0         96   2300         15.5   77      1
## 221 33.5         4         85.0         70   1945         16.8   77      3
## 222 17.5         8        305.0        145   3880         12.5   77      1
## 223 17.0         8        260.0        110   4060         19.0   77      1
## 224 15.5         8        318.0        145   4140         13.7   77      1
## 225 15.0         8        302.0        130   4295         14.9   77      1
## 226 17.5         6        250.0        110   3520         16.4   77      1
## 227 20.5         6        231.0        105   3425         16.9   77      1
## 228 19.0         6        225.0        100   3630         17.7   77      1
## 229 18.5         6        250.0         98   3525         19.0   77      1
## 230 16.0         8        400.0        180   4220         11.1   77      1
## 231 15.5         8        350.0        170   4165         11.4   77      1
## 232 15.5         8        400.0        190   4325         12.2   77      1
## 233 16.0         8        351.0        149   4335         14.5   77      1
## 234 29.0         4         97.0         78   1940         14.5   77      2
## 235 24.5         4        151.0         88   2740         16.0   77      1
## 236 26.0         4         97.0         75   2265         18.2   77      3
## 237 25.5         4        140.0         89   2755         15.8   77      1
## 238 30.5         4         98.0         63   2051         17.0   77      1
## 239 33.5         4         98.0         83   2075         15.9   77      1
## 240 30.0         4         97.0         67   1985         16.4   77      3
## 241 30.5         4         97.0         78   2190         14.1   77      2
## 242 22.0         6        146.0         97   2815         14.5   77      3
## 243 21.5         4        121.0        110   2600         12.8   77      2
## 244 21.5         3         80.0        110   2720         13.5   77      3
## 245 43.1         4         90.0         48   1985         21.5   78      2
## 246 36.1         4         98.0         66   1800         14.4   78      1
## 247 32.8         4         78.0         52   1985         19.4   78      3
## 248 39.4         4         85.0         70   2070         18.6   78      3
## 249 36.1         4         91.0         60   1800         16.4   78      3
## 250 19.9         8        260.0        110   3365         15.5   78      1
## 251 19.4         8        318.0        140   3735         13.2   78      1
## 252 20.2         8        302.0        139   3570         12.8   78      1
## 253 19.2         6        231.0        105   3535         19.2   78      1
## 254 20.5         6        200.0         95   3155         18.2   78      1
## 255 20.2         6        200.0         85   2965         15.8   78      1
## 256 25.1         4        140.0         88   2720         15.4   78      1
## 257 20.5         6        225.0        100   3430         17.2   78      1
## 258 19.4         6        232.0         90   3210         17.2   78      1
## 259 20.6         6        231.0        105   3380         15.8   78      1
## 260 20.8         6        200.0         85   3070         16.7   78      1
## 261 18.6         6        225.0        110   3620         18.7   78      1
## 262 18.1         6        258.0        120   3410         15.1   78      1
## 263 19.2         8        305.0        145   3425         13.2   78      1
## 264 17.7         6        231.0        165   3445         13.4   78      1
## 265 18.1         8        302.0        139   3205         11.2   78      1
## 266 17.5         8        318.0        140   4080         13.7   78      1
## 267 30.0         4         98.0         68   2155         16.5   78      1
## 268 27.5         4        134.0         95   2560         14.2   78      3
## 269 27.2         4        119.0         97   2300         14.7   78      3
## 270 30.9         4        105.0         75   2230         14.5   78      1
## 271 21.1         4        134.0         95   2515         14.8   78      3
## 272 23.2         4        156.0        105   2745         16.7   78      1
## 273 23.8         4        151.0         85   2855         17.6   78      1
## 274 23.9         4        119.0         97   2405         14.9   78      3
## 275 20.3         5        131.0        103   2830         15.9   78      2
## 276 17.0         6        163.0        125   3140         13.6   78      2
## 277 21.6         4        121.0        115   2795         15.7   78      2
## 278 16.2         6        163.0        133   3410         15.8   78      2
## 279 31.5         4         89.0         71   1990         14.9   78      2
## 280 29.5         4         98.0         68   2135         16.6   78      3
## 281 21.5         6        231.0        115   3245         15.4   79      1
## 282 19.8         6        200.0         85   2990         18.2   79      1
## 283 22.3         4        140.0         88   2890         17.3   79      1
## 284 20.2         6        232.0         90   3265         18.2   79      1
## 285 20.6         6        225.0        110   3360         16.6   79      1
## 286 17.0         8        305.0        130   3840         15.4   79      1
## 287 17.6         8        302.0        129   3725         13.4   79      1
## 288 16.5         8        351.0        138   3955         13.2   79      1
## 289 18.2         8        318.0        135   3830         15.2   79      1
## 290 16.9         8        350.0        155   4360         14.9   79      1
## 291 15.5         8        351.0        142   4054         14.3   79      1
## 292 19.2         8        267.0        125   3605         15.0   79      1
## 293 18.5         8        360.0        150   3940         13.0   79      1
## 294 31.9         4         89.0         71   1925         14.0   79      2
## 295 34.1         4         86.0         65   1975         15.2   79      3
## 296 35.7         4         98.0         80   1915         14.4   79      1
## 297 27.4         4        121.0         80   2670         15.0   79      1
## 298 25.4         5        183.0         77   3530         20.1   79      2
## 299 23.0         8        350.0        125   3900         17.4   79      1
## 300 27.2         4        141.0         71   3190         24.8   79      2
## 301 23.9         8        260.0         90   3420         22.2   79      1
## 302 34.2         4        105.0         70   2200         13.2   79      1
## 303 34.5         4        105.0         70   2150         14.9   79      1
## 304 31.8         4         85.0         65   2020         19.2   79      3
## 305 37.3         4         91.0         69   2130         14.7   79      2
## 306 28.4         4        151.0         90   2670         16.0   79      1
## 307 28.8         6        173.0        115   2595         11.3   79      1
## 308 26.8         6        173.0        115   2700         12.9   79      1
## 309 33.5         4        151.0         90   2556         13.2   79      1
## 310 41.5         4         98.0         76   2144         14.7   80      2
## 311 38.1         4         89.0         60   1968         18.8   80      3
## 312 32.1         4         98.0         70   2120         15.5   80      1
## 313 37.2         4         86.0         65   2019         16.4   80      3
## 314 28.0         4        151.0         90   2678         16.5   80      1
## 315 26.4         4        140.0         88   2870         18.1   80      1
## 316 24.3         4        151.0         90   3003         20.1   80      1
## 317 19.1         6        225.0         90   3381         18.7   80      1
## 318 34.3         4         97.0         78   2188         15.8   80      2
## 319 29.8         4        134.0         90   2711         15.5   80      3
## 320 31.3         4        120.0         75   2542         17.5   80      3
## 321 37.0         4        119.0         92   2434         15.0   80      3
## 322 32.2         4        108.0         75   2265         15.2   80      3
## 323 46.6         4         86.0         65   2110         17.9   80      3
## 324 27.9         4        156.0        105   2800         14.4   80      1
## 325 40.8         4         85.0         65   2110         19.2   80      3
## 326 44.3         4         90.0         48   2085         21.7   80      2
## 327 43.4         4         90.0         48   2335         23.7   80      2
## 328 36.4         5        121.0         67   2950         19.9   80      2
## 329 30.0         4        146.0         67   3250         21.8   80      2
## 330 44.6         4         91.0         67   1850         13.8   80      3
## 332 33.8         4         97.0         67   2145         18.0   80      3
## 333 29.8         4         89.0         62   1845         15.3   80      2
## 334 32.7         6        168.0        132   2910         11.4   80      3
## 335 23.7         3         70.0        100   2420         12.5   80      3
## 336 35.0         4        122.0         88   2500         15.1   80      2
## 338 32.4         4        107.0         72   2290         17.0   80      3
## 339 27.2         4        135.0         84   2490         15.7   81      1
## 340 26.6         4        151.0         84   2635         16.4   81      1
## 341 25.8         4        156.0         92   2620         14.4   81      1
## 342 23.5         6        173.0        110   2725         12.6   81      1
## 343 30.0         4        135.0         84   2385         12.9   81      1
## 344 39.1         4         79.0         58   1755         16.9   81      3
## 345 39.0         4         86.0         64   1875         16.4   81      1
## 346 35.1         4         81.0         60   1760         16.1   81      3
## 347 32.3         4         97.0         67   2065         17.8   81      3
## 348 37.0         4         85.0         65   1975         19.4   81      3
## 349 37.7         4         89.0         62   2050         17.3   81      3
## 350 34.1         4         91.0         68   1985         16.0   81      3
## 351 34.7         4        105.0         63   2215         14.9   81      1
## 352 34.4         4         98.0         65   2045         16.2   81      1
## 353 29.9         4         98.0         65   2380         20.7   81      1
## 354 33.0         4        105.0         74   2190         14.2   81      2
## 356 33.7         4        107.0         75   2210         14.4   81      3
## 357 32.4         4        108.0         75   2350         16.8   81      3
## 358 32.9         4        119.0        100   2615         14.8   81      3
## 359 31.6         4        120.0         74   2635         18.3   81      3
## 360 28.1         4        141.0         80   3230         20.4   81      2
## 361 30.7         6        145.0         76   3160         19.6   81      2
## 362 25.4         6        168.0        116   2900         12.6   81      3
## 363 24.2         6        146.0        120   2930         13.8   81      3
## 364 22.4         6        231.0        110   3415         15.8   81      1
## 365 26.6         8        350.0        105   3725         19.0   81      1
## 366 20.2         6        200.0         88   3060         17.1   81      1
## 367 17.6         6        225.0         85   3465         16.6   81      1
## 368 28.0         4        112.0         88   2605         19.6   82      1
## 369 27.0         4        112.0         88   2640         18.6   82      1
## 370 34.0         4        112.0         88   2395         18.0   82      1
## 371 31.0         4        112.0         85   2575         16.2   82      1
## 372 29.0         4        135.0         84   2525         16.0   82      1
## 373 27.0         4        151.0         90   2735         18.0   82      1
## 374 24.0         4        140.0         92   2865         16.4   82      1
## 375 36.0         4        105.0         74   1980         15.3   82      2
## 376 37.0         4         91.0         68   2025         18.2   82      3
## 377 31.0         4         91.0         68   1970         17.6   82      3
## 378 38.0         4        105.0         63   2125         14.7   82      1
## 379 36.0         4         98.0         70   2125         17.3   82      1
## 380 36.0         4        120.0         88   2160         14.5   82      3
## 381 36.0         4        107.0         75   2205         14.5   82      3
## 382 34.0         4        108.0         70   2245         16.9   82      3
## 383 38.0         4         91.0         67   1965         15.0   82      3
## 384 32.0         4         91.0         67   1965         15.7   82      3
## 385 38.0         4         91.0         67   1995         16.2   82      3
## 386 25.0         6        181.0        110   2945         16.4   82      1
## 387 38.0         6        262.0         85   3015         17.0   82      1
## 388 26.0         4        156.0         92   2585         14.5   82      1
## 389 22.0         6        232.0        112   2835         14.7   82      1
## 390 32.0         4        144.0         96   2665         13.9   82      3
## 391 36.0         4        135.0         84   2370         13.0   82      1
## 392 27.0         4        151.0         90   2950         17.3   82      1
## 393 27.0         4        140.0         86   2790         15.6   82      1
## 394 44.0         4         97.0         52   2130         24.6   82      2
## 395 32.0         4        135.0         84   2295         11.6   82      1
## 396 28.0         4        120.0         79   2625         18.6   82      1
## 397 31.0         4        119.0         82   2720         19.4   82      1
##                                     name
## 1              chevrolet chevelle malibu
## 2                      buick skylark 320
## 3                     plymouth satellite
## 4                          amc rebel sst
## 5                            ford torino
## 6                       ford galaxie 500
## 7                       chevrolet impala
## 8                      plymouth fury iii
## 9                       pontiac catalina
## 10                    amc ambassador dpl
## 11                   dodge challenger se
## 12                    plymouth 'cuda 340
## 13                 chevrolet monte carlo
## 14               buick estate wagon (sw)
## 15                 toyota corona mark ii
## 16                       plymouth duster
## 17                            amc hornet
## 18                         ford maverick
## 19                          datsun pl510
## 20          volkswagen 1131 deluxe sedan
## 21                           peugeot 504
## 22                           audi 100 ls
## 23                              saab 99e
## 24                              bmw 2002
## 25                           amc gremlin
## 26                             ford f250
## 27                             chevy c20
## 28                            dodge d200
## 29                              hi 1200d
## 30                          datsun pl510
## 31                   chevrolet vega 2300
## 32                         toyota corona
## 34                           amc gremlin
## 35             plymouth satellite custom
## 36             chevrolet chevelle malibu
## 37                       ford torino 500
## 38                           amc matador
## 39                      chevrolet impala
## 40             pontiac catalina brougham
## 41                      ford galaxie 500
## 42                     plymouth fury iii
## 43                     dodge monaco (sw)
## 44              ford country squire (sw)
## 45                   pontiac safari (sw)
## 46            amc hornet sportabout (sw)
## 47                   chevrolet vega (sw)
## 48                      pontiac firebird
## 49                          ford mustang
## 50                    mercury capri 2000
## 51                             opel 1900
## 52                           peugeot 304
## 53                             fiat 124b
## 54                   toyota corolla 1200
## 55                           datsun 1200
## 56                  volkswagen model 111
## 57                      plymouth cricket
## 58                 toyota corona hardtop
## 59                    dodge colt hardtop
## 60                     volkswagen type 3
## 61                        chevrolet vega
## 62                   ford pinto runabout
## 63                      chevrolet impala
## 64                      pontiac catalina
## 65                     plymouth fury iii
## 66                      ford galaxie 500
## 67                    amc ambassador sst
## 68                       mercury marquis
## 69                  buick lesabre custom
## 70            oldsmobile delta 88 royale
## 71                chrysler newport royal
## 72                       mazda rx2 coupe
## 73                      amc matador (sw)
## 74      chevrolet chevelle concours (sw)
## 75                 ford gran torino (sw)
## 76        plymouth satellite custom (sw)
## 77                       volvo 145e (sw)
## 78                   volkswagen 411 (sw)
## 79                      peugeot 504 (sw)
## 80                       renault 12 (sw)
## 81                       ford pinto (sw)
## 82                       datsun 510 (sw)
## 83           toyouta corona mark ii (sw)
## 84                       dodge colt (sw)
## 85              toyota corolla 1600 (sw)
## 86                     buick century 350
## 87                           amc matador
## 88                      chevrolet malibu
## 89                      ford gran torino
## 90                  dodge coronet custom
## 91              mercury marquis brougham
## 92             chevrolet caprice classic
## 93                              ford ltd
## 94              plymouth fury gran sedan
## 95          chrysler new yorker brougham
## 96              buick electra 225 custom
## 97               amc ambassador brougham
## 98                      plymouth valiant
## 99                 chevrolet nova custom
## 100                           amc hornet
## 101                        ford maverick
## 102                      plymouth duster
## 103              volkswagen super beetle
## 104                     chevrolet impala
## 105                         ford country
## 106               plymouth custom suburb
## 107             oldsmobile vista cruiser
## 108                          amc gremlin
## 109                        toyota carina
## 110                       chevrolet vega
## 111                           datsun 610
## 112                            maxda rx3
## 113                           ford pinto
## 114                     mercury capri v6
## 115                 fiat 124 sport coupe
## 116              chevrolet monte carlo s
## 117                   pontiac grand prix
## 118                             fiat 128
## 119                           opel manta
## 120                           audi 100ls
## 121                          volvo 144ea
## 122                    dodge dart custom
## 123                            saab 99le
## 124                       toyota mark ii
## 125                     oldsmobile omega
## 126                      plymouth duster
## 128                           amc hornet
## 129                       chevrolet nova
## 130                          datsun b210
## 131                           ford pinto
## 132                  toyota corolla 1200
## 133                       chevrolet vega
## 134    chevrolet chevelle malibu classic
## 135                          amc matador
## 136           plymouth satellite sebring
## 137                     ford gran torino
## 138             buick century luxus (sw)
## 139            dodge coronet custom (sw)
## 140                ford gran torino (sw)
## 141                     amc matador (sw)
## 142                             audi fox
## 143                    volkswagen dasher
## 144                           opel manta
## 145                        toyota corona
## 146                           datsun 710
## 147                           dodge colt
## 148                             fiat 128
## 149                          fiat 124 tc
## 150                          honda civic
## 151                               subaru
## 152                            fiat x1.9
## 153              plymouth valiant custom
## 154                       chevrolet nova
## 155                      mercury monarch
## 156                        ford maverick
## 157                     pontiac catalina
## 158                    chevrolet bel air
## 159                  plymouth grand fury
## 160                             ford ltd
## 161                        buick century
## 162            chevroelt chevelle malibu
## 163                          amc matador
## 164                        plymouth fury
## 165                        buick skyhawk
## 166                  chevrolet monza 2+2
## 167                      ford mustang ii
## 168                       toyota corolla
## 169                           ford pinto
## 170                          amc gremlin
## 171                        pontiac astro
## 172                        toyota corona
## 173                    volkswagen dasher
## 174                           datsun 710
## 175                           ford pinto
## 176                    volkswagen rabbit
## 177                            amc pacer
## 178                           audi 100ls
## 179                          peugeot 504
## 180                          volvo 244dl
## 181                            saab 99le
## 182                     honda civic cvcc
## 183                             fiat 131
## 184                            opel 1900
## 185                             capri ii
## 186                           dodge colt
## 187                         renault 12tl
## 188    chevrolet chevelle malibu classic
## 189               dodge coronet brougham
## 190                          amc matador
## 191                     ford gran torino
## 192                     plymouth valiant
## 193                       chevrolet nova
## 194                        ford maverick
## 195                           amc hornet
## 196                   chevrolet chevette
## 197                      chevrolet woody
## 198                            vw rabbit
## 199                          honda civic
## 200                       dodge aspen se
## 201                    ford granada ghia
## 202                   pontiac ventura sj
## 203                        amc pacer d/l
## 204                    volkswagen rabbit
## 205                         datsun b-210
## 206                       toyota corolla
## 207                           ford pinto
## 208                            volvo 245
## 209           plymouth volare premier v8
## 210                          peugeot 504
## 211                       toyota mark ii
## 212                   mercedes-benz 280s
## 213                     cadillac seville
## 214                            chevy c10
## 215                            ford f108
## 216                           dodge d100
## 217                    honda accord cvcc
## 218              buick opel isuzu deluxe
## 219                        renault 5 gtl
## 220                    plymouth arrow gs
## 221                datsun f-10 hatchback
## 222            chevrolet caprice classic
## 223           oldsmobile cutlass supreme
## 224                dodge monaco brougham
## 225              mercury cougar brougham
## 226                   chevrolet concours
## 227                        buick skylark
## 228               plymouth volare custom
## 229                         ford granada
## 230                pontiac grand prix lj
## 231         chevrolet monte carlo landau
## 232                     chrysler cordoba
## 233                     ford thunderbird
## 234             volkswagen rabbit custom
## 235                pontiac sunbird coupe
## 236              toyota corolla liftback
## 237                  ford mustang ii 2+2
## 238                   chevrolet chevette
## 239                       dodge colt m/m
## 240                            subaru dl
## 241                    volkswagen dasher
## 242                           datsun 810
## 243                             bmw 320i
## 244                           mazda rx-4
## 245      volkswagen rabbit custom diesel
## 246                          ford fiesta
## 247                     mazda glc deluxe
## 248                       datsun b210 gx
## 249                     honda civic cvcc
## 250    oldsmobile cutlass salon brougham
## 251                       dodge diplomat
## 252                 mercury monarch ghia
## 253                   pontiac phoenix lj
## 254                     chevrolet malibu
## 255                 ford fairmont (auto)
## 256                  ford fairmont (man)
## 257                      plymouth volare
## 258                          amc concord
## 259                buick century special
## 260                       mercury zephyr
## 261                          dodge aspen
## 262                      amc concord d/l
## 263         chevrolet monte carlo landau
## 264      buick regal sport coupe (turbo)
## 265                          ford futura
## 266                      dodge magnum xe
## 267                   chevrolet chevette
## 268                        toyota corona
## 269                           datsun 510
## 270                           dodge omni
## 271            toyota celica gt liftback
## 272                     plymouth sapporo
## 273               oldsmobile starfire sx
## 274                        datsun 200-sx
## 275                            audi 5000
## 276                          volvo 264gl
## 277                           saab 99gle
## 278                        peugeot 604sl
## 279                  volkswagen scirocco
## 280                      honda accord lx
## 281                    pontiac lemans v6
## 282                     mercury zephyr 6
## 283                      ford fairmont 4
## 284                     amc concord dl 6
## 285                        dodge aspen 6
## 286            chevrolet caprice classic
## 287                      ford ltd landau
## 288                mercury grand marquis
## 289                      dodge st. regis
## 290              buick estate wagon (sw)
## 291             ford country squire (sw)
## 292        chevrolet malibu classic (sw)
## 293 chrysler lebaron town @ country (sw)
## 294                     vw rabbit custom
## 295                     maxda glc deluxe
## 296          dodge colt hatchback custom
## 297                        amc spirit dl
## 298                   mercedes benz 300d
## 299                    cadillac eldorado
## 300                          peugeot 504
## 301    oldsmobile cutlass salon brougham
## 302                     plymouth horizon
## 303                 plymouth horizon tc3
## 304                           datsun 210
## 305                   fiat strada custom
## 306                buick skylark limited
## 307                   chevrolet citation
## 308            oldsmobile omega brougham
## 309                      pontiac phoenix
## 310                            vw rabbit
## 311                toyota corolla tercel
## 312                   chevrolet chevette
## 313                           datsun 310
## 314                   chevrolet citation
## 315                        ford fairmont
## 316                          amc concord
## 317                          dodge aspen
## 318                            audi 4000
## 319               toyota corona liftback
## 320                            mazda 626
## 321                 datsun 510 hatchback
## 322                       toyota corolla
## 323                            mazda glc
## 324                           dodge colt
## 325                           datsun 210
## 326                 vw rabbit c (diesel)
## 327                   vw dasher (diesel)
## 328                  audi 5000s (diesel)
## 329                   mercedes-benz 240d
## 330                  honda civic 1500 gl
## 332                            subaru dl
## 333                     vokswagen rabbit
## 334                        datsun 280-zx
## 335                        mazda rx-7 gs
## 336                    triumph tr7 coupe
## 338                         honda accord
## 339                     plymouth reliant
## 340                        buick skylark
## 341               dodge aries wagon (sw)
## 342                   chevrolet citation
## 343                     plymouth reliant
## 344                       toyota starlet
## 345                       plymouth champ
## 346                     honda civic 1300
## 347                               subaru
## 348                       datsun 210 mpg
## 349                        toyota tercel
## 350                          mazda glc 4
## 351                   plymouth horizon 4
## 352                       ford escort 4w
## 353                       ford escort 2h
## 354                     volkswagen jetta
## 356                        honda prelude
## 357                       toyota corolla
## 358                         datsun 200sx
## 359                            mazda 626
## 360            peugeot 505s turbo diesel
## 361                         volvo diesel
## 362                      toyota cressida
## 363                    datsun 810 maxima
## 364                        buick century
## 365                oldsmobile cutlass ls
## 366                      ford granada gl
## 367               chrysler lebaron salon
## 368                   chevrolet cavalier
## 369             chevrolet cavalier wagon
## 370            chevrolet cavalier 2-door
## 371           pontiac j2000 se hatchback
## 372                       dodge aries se
## 373                      pontiac phoenix
## 374                 ford fairmont futura
## 375                  volkswagen rabbit l
## 376                   mazda glc custom l
## 377                     mazda glc custom
## 378               plymouth horizon miser
## 379                       mercury lynx l
## 380                     nissan stanza xe
## 381                         honda accord
## 382                       toyota corolla
## 383                          honda civic
## 384                   honda civic (auto)
## 385                        datsun 310 gx
## 386                buick century limited
## 387    oldsmobile cutlass ciera (diesel)
## 388           chrysler lebaron medallion
## 389                       ford granada l
## 390                     toyota celica gt
## 391                    dodge charger 2.2
## 392                     chevrolet camaro
## 393                      ford mustang gl
## 394                            vw pickup
## 395                        dodge rampage
## 396                          ford ranger
## 397                           chevy s-10
write.table(Auto, file = "Auto.txt")
read.table(file = "Auto.txt")
##      mpg cylinders displacement horsepower weight acceleration year origin
## 1   18.0         8        307.0        130   3504         12.0   70      1
## 2   15.0         8        350.0        165   3693         11.5   70      1
## 3   18.0         8        318.0        150   3436         11.0   70      1
## 4   16.0         8        304.0        150   3433         12.0   70      1
## 5   17.0         8        302.0        140   3449         10.5   70      1
## 6   15.0         8        429.0        198   4341         10.0   70      1
## 7   14.0         8        454.0        220   4354          9.0   70      1
## 8   14.0         8        440.0        215   4312          8.5   70      1
## 9   14.0         8        455.0        225   4425         10.0   70      1
## 10  15.0         8        390.0        190   3850          8.5   70      1
## 11  15.0         8        383.0        170   3563         10.0   70      1
## 12  14.0         8        340.0        160   3609          8.0   70      1
## 13  15.0         8        400.0        150   3761          9.5   70      1
## 14  14.0         8        455.0        225   3086         10.0   70      1
## 15  24.0         4        113.0         95   2372         15.0   70      3
## 16  22.0         6        198.0         95   2833         15.5   70      1
## 17  18.0         6        199.0         97   2774         15.5   70      1
## 18  21.0         6        200.0         85   2587         16.0   70      1
## 19  27.0         4         97.0         88   2130         14.5   70      3
## 20  26.0         4         97.0         46   1835         20.5   70      2
## 21  25.0         4        110.0         87   2672         17.5   70      2
## 22  24.0         4        107.0         90   2430         14.5   70      2
## 23  25.0         4        104.0         95   2375         17.5   70      2
## 24  26.0         4        121.0        113   2234         12.5   70      2
## 25  21.0         6        199.0         90   2648         15.0   70      1
## 26  10.0         8        360.0        215   4615         14.0   70      1
## 27  10.0         8        307.0        200   4376         15.0   70      1
## 28  11.0         8        318.0        210   4382         13.5   70      1
## 29   9.0         8        304.0        193   4732         18.5   70      1
## 30  27.0         4         97.0         88   2130         14.5   71      3
## 31  28.0         4        140.0         90   2264         15.5   71      1
## 32  25.0         4        113.0         95   2228         14.0   71      3
## 34  19.0         6        232.0        100   2634         13.0   71      1
## 35  16.0         6        225.0        105   3439         15.5   71      1
## 36  17.0         6        250.0        100   3329         15.5   71      1
## 37  19.0         6        250.0         88   3302         15.5   71      1
## 38  18.0         6        232.0        100   3288         15.5   71      1
## 39  14.0         8        350.0        165   4209         12.0   71      1
## 40  14.0         8        400.0        175   4464         11.5   71      1
## 41  14.0         8        351.0        153   4154         13.5   71      1
## 42  14.0         8        318.0        150   4096         13.0   71      1
## 43  12.0         8        383.0        180   4955         11.5   71      1
## 44  13.0         8        400.0        170   4746         12.0   71      1
## 45  13.0         8        400.0        175   5140         12.0   71      1
## 46  18.0         6        258.0        110   2962         13.5   71      1
## 47  22.0         4        140.0         72   2408         19.0   71      1
## 48  19.0         6        250.0        100   3282         15.0   71      1
## 49  18.0         6        250.0         88   3139         14.5   71      1
## 50  23.0         4        122.0         86   2220         14.0   71      1
## 51  28.0         4        116.0         90   2123         14.0   71      2
## 52  30.0         4         79.0         70   2074         19.5   71      2
## 53  30.0         4         88.0         76   2065         14.5   71      2
## 54  31.0         4         71.0         65   1773         19.0   71      3
## 55  35.0         4         72.0         69   1613         18.0   71      3
## 56  27.0         4         97.0         60   1834         19.0   71      2
## 57  26.0         4         91.0         70   1955         20.5   71      1
## 58  24.0         4        113.0         95   2278         15.5   72      3
## 59  25.0         4         97.5         80   2126         17.0   72      1
## 60  23.0         4         97.0         54   2254         23.5   72      2
## 61  20.0         4        140.0         90   2408         19.5   72      1
## 62  21.0         4        122.0         86   2226         16.5   72      1
## 63  13.0         8        350.0        165   4274         12.0   72      1
## 64  14.0         8        400.0        175   4385         12.0   72      1
## 65  15.0         8        318.0        150   4135         13.5   72      1
## 66  14.0         8        351.0        153   4129         13.0   72      1
## 67  17.0         8        304.0        150   3672         11.5   72      1
## 68  11.0         8        429.0        208   4633         11.0   72      1
## 69  13.0         8        350.0        155   4502         13.5   72      1
## 70  12.0         8        350.0        160   4456         13.5   72      1
## 71  13.0         8        400.0        190   4422         12.5   72      1
## 72  19.0         3         70.0         97   2330         13.5   72      3
## 73  15.0         8        304.0        150   3892         12.5   72      1
## 74  13.0         8        307.0        130   4098         14.0   72      1
## 75  13.0         8        302.0        140   4294         16.0   72      1
## 76  14.0         8        318.0        150   4077         14.0   72      1
## 77  18.0         4        121.0        112   2933         14.5   72      2
## 78  22.0         4        121.0         76   2511         18.0   72      2
## 79  21.0         4        120.0         87   2979         19.5   72      2
## 80  26.0         4         96.0         69   2189         18.0   72      2
## 81  22.0         4        122.0         86   2395         16.0   72      1
## 82  28.0         4         97.0         92   2288         17.0   72      3
## 83  23.0         4        120.0         97   2506         14.5   72      3
## 84  28.0         4         98.0         80   2164         15.0   72      1
## 85  27.0         4         97.0         88   2100         16.5   72      3
## 86  13.0         8        350.0        175   4100         13.0   73      1
## 87  14.0         8        304.0        150   3672         11.5   73      1
## 88  13.0         8        350.0        145   3988         13.0   73      1
## 89  14.0         8        302.0        137   4042         14.5   73      1
## 90  15.0         8        318.0        150   3777         12.5   73      1
## 91  12.0         8        429.0        198   4952         11.5   73      1
## 92  13.0         8        400.0        150   4464         12.0   73      1
## 93  13.0         8        351.0        158   4363         13.0   73      1
## 94  14.0         8        318.0        150   4237         14.5   73      1
## 95  13.0         8        440.0        215   4735         11.0   73      1
## 96  12.0         8        455.0        225   4951         11.0   73      1
## 97  13.0         8        360.0        175   3821         11.0   73      1
## 98  18.0         6        225.0        105   3121         16.5   73      1
## 99  16.0         6        250.0        100   3278         18.0   73      1
## 100 18.0         6        232.0        100   2945         16.0   73      1
## 101 18.0         6        250.0         88   3021         16.5   73      1
## 102 23.0         6        198.0         95   2904         16.0   73      1
## 103 26.0         4         97.0         46   1950         21.0   73      2
## 104 11.0         8        400.0        150   4997         14.0   73      1
## 105 12.0         8        400.0        167   4906         12.5   73      1
## 106 13.0         8        360.0        170   4654         13.0   73      1
## 107 12.0         8        350.0        180   4499         12.5   73      1
## 108 18.0         6        232.0        100   2789         15.0   73      1
## 109 20.0         4         97.0         88   2279         19.0   73      3
## 110 21.0         4        140.0         72   2401         19.5   73      1
## 111 22.0         4        108.0         94   2379         16.5   73      3
## 112 18.0         3         70.0         90   2124         13.5   73      3
## 113 19.0         4        122.0         85   2310         18.5   73      1
## 114 21.0         6        155.0        107   2472         14.0   73      1
## 115 26.0         4         98.0         90   2265         15.5   73      2
## 116 15.0         8        350.0        145   4082         13.0   73      1
## 117 16.0         8        400.0        230   4278          9.5   73      1
## 118 29.0         4         68.0         49   1867         19.5   73      2
## 119 24.0         4        116.0         75   2158         15.5   73      2
## 120 20.0         4        114.0         91   2582         14.0   73      2
## 121 19.0         4        121.0        112   2868         15.5   73      2
## 122 15.0         8        318.0        150   3399         11.0   73      1
## 123 24.0         4        121.0        110   2660         14.0   73      2
## 124 20.0         6        156.0        122   2807         13.5   73      3
## 125 11.0         8        350.0        180   3664         11.0   73      1
## 126 20.0         6        198.0         95   3102         16.5   74      1
## 128 19.0         6        232.0        100   2901         16.0   74      1
## 129 15.0         6        250.0        100   3336         17.0   74      1
## 130 31.0         4         79.0         67   1950         19.0   74      3
## 131 26.0         4        122.0         80   2451         16.5   74      1
## 132 32.0         4         71.0         65   1836         21.0   74      3
## 133 25.0         4        140.0         75   2542         17.0   74      1
## 134 16.0         6        250.0        100   3781         17.0   74      1
## 135 16.0         6        258.0        110   3632         18.0   74      1
## 136 18.0         6        225.0        105   3613         16.5   74      1
## 137 16.0         8        302.0        140   4141         14.0   74      1
## 138 13.0         8        350.0        150   4699         14.5   74      1
## 139 14.0         8        318.0        150   4457         13.5   74      1
## 140 14.0         8        302.0        140   4638         16.0   74      1
## 141 14.0         8        304.0        150   4257         15.5   74      1
## 142 29.0         4         98.0         83   2219         16.5   74      2
## 143 26.0         4         79.0         67   1963         15.5   74      2
## 144 26.0         4         97.0         78   2300         14.5   74      2
## 145 31.0         4         76.0         52   1649         16.5   74      3
## 146 32.0         4         83.0         61   2003         19.0   74      3
## 147 28.0         4         90.0         75   2125         14.5   74      1
## 148 24.0         4         90.0         75   2108         15.5   74      2
## 149 26.0         4        116.0         75   2246         14.0   74      2
## 150 24.0         4        120.0         97   2489         15.0   74      3
## 151 26.0         4        108.0         93   2391         15.5   74      3
## 152 31.0         4         79.0         67   2000         16.0   74      2
## 153 19.0         6        225.0         95   3264         16.0   75      1
## 154 18.0         6        250.0        105   3459         16.0   75      1
## 155 15.0         6        250.0         72   3432         21.0   75      1
## 156 15.0         6        250.0         72   3158         19.5   75      1
## 157 16.0         8        400.0        170   4668         11.5   75      1
## 158 15.0         8        350.0        145   4440         14.0   75      1
## 159 16.0         8        318.0        150   4498         14.5   75      1
## 160 14.0         8        351.0        148   4657         13.5   75      1
## 161 17.0         6        231.0        110   3907         21.0   75      1
## 162 16.0         6        250.0        105   3897         18.5   75      1
## 163 15.0         6        258.0        110   3730         19.0   75      1
## 164 18.0         6        225.0         95   3785         19.0   75      1
## 165 21.0         6        231.0        110   3039         15.0   75      1
## 166 20.0         8        262.0        110   3221         13.5   75      1
## 167 13.0         8        302.0        129   3169         12.0   75      1
## 168 29.0         4         97.0         75   2171         16.0   75      3
## 169 23.0         4        140.0         83   2639         17.0   75      1
## 170 20.0         6        232.0        100   2914         16.0   75      1
## 171 23.0         4        140.0         78   2592         18.5   75      1
## 172 24.0         4        134.0         96   2702         13.5   75      3
## 173 25.0         4         90.0         71   2223         16.5   75      2
## 174 24.0         4        119.0         97   2545         17.0   75      3
## 175 18.0         6        171.0         97   2984         14.5   75      1
## 176 29.0         4         90.0         70   1937         14.0   75      2
## 177 19.0         6        232.0         90   3211         17.0   75      1
## 178 23.0         4        115.0         95   2694         15.0   75      2
## 179 23.0         4        120.0         88   2957         17.0   75      2
## 180 22.0         4        121.0         98   2945         14.5   75      2
## 181 25.0         4        121.0        115   2671         13.5   75      2
## 182 33.0         4         91.0         53   1795         17.5   75      3
## 183 28.0         4        107.0         86   2464         15.5   76      2
## 184 25.0         4        116.0         81   2220         16.9   76      2
## 185 25.0         4        140.0         92   2572         14.9   76      1
## 186 26.0         4         98.0         79   2255         17.7   76      1
## 187 27.0         4        101.0         83   2202         15.3   76      2
## 188 17.5         8        305.0        140   4215         13.0   76      1
## 189 16.0         8        318.0        150   4190         13.0   76      1
## 190 15.5         8        304.0        120   3962         13.9   76      1
## 191 14.5         8        351.0        152   4215         12.8   76      1
## 192 22.0         6        225.0        100   3233         15.4   76      1
## 193 22.0         6        250.0        105   3353         14.5   76      1
## 194 24.0         6        200.0         81   3012         17.6   76      1
## 195 22.5         6        232.0         90   3085         17.6   76      1
## 196 29.0         4         85.0         52   2035         22.2   76      1
## 197 24.5         4         98.0         60   2164         22.1   76      1
## 198 29.0         4         90.0         70   1937         14.2   76      2
## 199 33.0         4         91.0         53   1795         17.4   76      3
## 200 20.0         6        225.0        100   3651         17.7   76      1
## 201 18.0         6        250.0         78   3574         21.0   76      1
## 202 18.5         6        250.0        110   3645         16.2   76      1
## 203 17.5         6        258.0         95   3193         17.8   76      1
## 204 29.5         4         97.0         71   1825         12.2   76      2
## 205 32.0         4         85.0         70   1990         17.0   76      3
## 206 28.0         4         97.0         75   2155         16.4   76      3
## 207 26.5         4        140.0         72   2565         13.6   76      1
## 208 20.0         4        130.0        102   3150         15.7   76      2
## 209 13.0         8        318.0        150   3940         13.2   76      1
## 210 19.0         4        120.0         88   3270         21.9   76      2
## 211 19.0         6        156.0        108   2930         15.5   76      3
## 212 16.5         6        168.0        120   3820         16.7   76      2
## 213 16.5         8        350.0        180   4380         12.1   76      1
## 214 13.0         8        350.0        145   4055         12.0   76      1
## 215 13.0         8        302.0        130   3870         15.0   76      1
## 216 13.0         8        318.0        150   3755         14.0   76      1
## 217 31.5         4         98.0         68   2045         18.5   77      3
## 218 30.0         4        111.0         80   2155         14.8   77      1
## 219 36.0         4         79.0         58   1825         18.6   77      2
## 220 25.5         4        122.0         96   2300         15.5   77      1
## 221 33.5         4         85.0         70   1945         16.8   77      3
## 222 17.5         8        305.0        145   3880         12.5   77      1
## 223 17.0         8        260.0        110   4060         19.0   77      1
## 224 15.5         8        318.0        145   4140         13.7   77      1
## 225 15.0         8        302.0        130   4295         14.9   77      1
## 226 17.5         6        250.0        110   3520         16.4   77      1
## 227 20.5         6        231.0        105   3425         16.9   77      1
## 228 19.0         6        225.0        100   3630         17.7   77      1
## 229 18.5         6        250.0         98   3525         19.0   77      1
## 230 16.0         8        400.0        180   4220         11.1   77      1
## 231 15.5         8        350.0        170   4165         11.4   77      1
## 232 15.5         8        400.0        190   4325         12.2   77      1
## 233 16.0         8        351.0        149   4335         14.5   77      1
## 234 29.0         4         97.0         78   1940         14.5   77      2
## 235 24.5         4        151.0         88   2740         16.0   77      1
## 236 26.0         4         97.0         75   2265         18.2   77      3
## 237 25.5         4        140.0         89   2755         15.8   77      1
## 238 30.5         4         98.0         63   2051         17.0   77      1
## 239 33.5         4         98.0         83   2075         15.9   77      1
## 240 30.0         4         97.0         67   1985         16.4   77      3
## 241 30.5         4         97.0         78   2190         14.1   77      2
## 242 22.0         6        146.0         97   2815         14.5   77      3
## 243 21.5         4        121.0        110   2600         12.8   77      2
## 244 21.5         3         80.0        110   2720         13.5   77      3
## 245 43.1         4         90.0         48   1985         21.5   78      2
## 246 36.1         4         98.0         66   1800         14.4   78      1
## 247 32.8         4         78.0         52   1985         19.4   78      3
## 248 39.4         4         85.0         70   2070         18.6   78      3
## 249 36.1         4         91.0         60   1800         16.4   78      3
## 250 19.9         8        260.0        110   3365         15.5   78      1
## 251 19.4         8        318.0        140   3735         13.2   78      1
## 252 20.2         8        302.0        139   3570         12.8   78      1
## 253 19.2         6        231.0        105   3535         19.2   78      1
## 254 20.5         6        200.0         95   3155         18.2   78      1
## 255 20.2         6        200.0         85   2965         15.8   78      1
## 256 25.1         4        140.0         88   2720         15.4   78      1
## 257 20.5         6        225.0        100   3430         17.2   78      1
## 258 19.4         6        232.0         90   3210         17.2   78      1
## 259 20.6         6        231.0        105   3380         15.8   78      1
## 260 20.8         6        200.0         85   3070         16.7   78      1
## 261 18.6         6        225.0        110   3620         18.7   78      1
## 262 18.1         6        258.0        120   3410         15.1   78      1
## 263 19.2         8        305.0        145   3425         13.2   78      1
## 264 17.7         6        231.0        165   3445         13.4   78      1
## 265 18.1         8        302.0        139   3205         11.2   78      1
## 266 17.5         8        318.0        140   4080         13.7   78      1
## 267 30.0         4         98.0         68   2155         16.5   78      1
## 268 27.5         4        134.0         95   2560         14.2   78      3
## 269 27.2         4        119.0         97   2300         14.7   78      3
## 270 30.9         4        105.0         75   2230         14.5   78      1
## 271 21.1         4        134.0         95   2515         14.8   78      3
## 272 23.2         4        156.0        105   2745         16.7   78      1
## 273 23.8         4        151.0         85   2855         17.6   78      1
## 274 23.9         4        119.0         97   2405         14.9   78      3
## 275 20.3         5        131.0        103   2830         15.9   78      2
## 276 17.0         6        163.0        125   3140         13.6   78      2
## 277 21.6         4        121.0        115   2795         15.7   78      2
## 278 16.2         6        163.0        133   3410         15.8   78      2
## 279 31.5         4         89.0         71   1990         14.9   78      2
## 280 29.5         4         98.0         68   2135         16.6   78      3
## 281 21.5         6        231.0        115   3245         15.4   79      1
## 282 19.8         6        200.0         85   2990         18.2   79      1
## 283 22.3         4        140.0         88   2890         17.3   79      1
## 284 20.2         6        232.0         90   3265         18.2   79      1
## 285 20.6         6        225.0        110   3360         16.6   79      1
## 286 17.0         8        305.0        130   3840         15.4   79      1
## 287 17.6         8        302.0        129   3725         13.4   79      1
## 288 16.5         8        351.0        138   3955         13.2   79      1
## 289 18.2         8        318.0        135   3830         15.2   79      1
## 290 16.9         8        350.0        155   4360         14.9   79      1
## 291 15.5         8        351.0        142   4054         14.3   79      1
## 292 19.2         8        267.0        125   3605         15.0   79      1
## 293 18.5         8        360.0        150   3940         13.0   79      1
## 294 31.9         4         89.0         71   1925         14.0   79      2
## 295 34.1         4         86.0         65   1975         15.2   79      3
## 296 35.7         4         98.0         80   1915         14.4   79      1
## 297 27.4         4        121.0         80   2670         15.0   79      1
## 298 25.4         5        183.0         77   3530         20.1   79      2
## 299 23.0         8        350.0        125   3900         17.4   79      1
## 300 27.2         4        141.0         71   3190         24.8   79      2
## 301 23.9         8        260.0         90   3420         22.2   79      1
## 302 34.2         4        105.0         70   2200         13.2   79      1
## 303 34.5         4        105.0         70   2150         14.9   79      1
## 304 31.8         4         85.0         65   2020         19.2   79      3
## 305 37.3         4         91.0         69   2130         14.7   79      2
## 306 28.4         4        151.0         90   2670         16.0   79      1
## 307 28.8         6        173.0        115   2595         11.3   79      1
## 308 26.8         6        173.0        115   2700         12.9   79      1
## 309 33.5         4        151.0         90   2556         13.2   79      1
## 310 41.5         4         98.0         76   2144         14.7   80      2
## 311 38.1         4         89.0         60   1968         18.8   80      3
## 312 32.1         4         98.0         70   2120         15.5   80      1
## 313 37.2         4         86.0         65   2019         16.4   80      3
## 314 28.0         4        151.0         90   2678         16.5   80      1
## 315 26.4         4        140.0         88   2870         18.1   80      1
## 316 24.3         4        151.0         90   3003         20.1   80      1
## 317 19.1         6        225.0         90   3381         18.7   80      1
## 318 34.3         4         97.0         78   2188         15.8   80      2
## 319 29.8         4        134.0         90   2711         15.5   80      3
## 320 31.3         4        120.0         75   2542         17.5   80      3
## 321 37.0         4        119.0         92   2434         15.0   80      3
## 322 32.2         4        108.0         75   2265         15.2   80      3
## 323 46.6         4         86.0         65   2110         17.9   80      3
## 324 27.9         4        156.0        105   2800         14.4   80      1
## 325 40.8         4         85.0         65   2110         19.2   80      3
## 326 44.3         4         90.0         48   2085         21.7   80      2
## 327 43.4         4         90.0         48   2335         23.7   80      2
## 328 36.4         5        121.0         67   2950         19.9   80      2
## 329 30.0         4        146.0         67   3250         21.8   80      2
## 330 44.6         4         91.0         67   1850         13.8   80      3
## 332 33.8         4         97.0         67   2145         18.0   80      3
## 333 29.8         4         89.0         62   1845         15.3   80      2
## 334 32.7         6        168.0        132   2910         11.4   80      3
## 335 23.7         3         70.0        100   2420         12.5   80      3
## 336 35.0         4        122.0         88   2500         15.1   80      2
## 338 32.4         4        107.0         72   2290         17.0   80      3
## 339 27.2         4        135.0         84   2490         15.7   81      1
## 340 26.6         4        151.0         84   2635         16.4   81      1
## 341 25.8         4        156.0         92   2620         14.4   81      1
## 342 23.5         6        173.0        110   2725         12.6   81      1
## 343 30.0         4        135.0         84   2385         12.9   81      1
## 344 39.1         4         79.0         58   1755         16.9   81      3
## 345 39.0         4         86.0         64   1875         16.4   81      1
## 346 35.1         4         81.0         60   1760         16.1   81      3
## 347 32.3         4         97.0         67   2065         17.8   81      3
## 348 37.0         4         85.0         65   1975         19.4   81      3
## 349 37.7         4         89.0         62   2050         17.3   81      3
## 350 34.1         4         91.0         68   1985         16.0   81      3
## 351 34.7         4        105.0         63   2215         14.9   81      1
## 352 34.4         4         98.0         65   2045         16.2   81      1
## 353 29.9         4         98.0         65   2380         20.7   81      1
## 354 33.0         4        105.0         74   2190         14.2   81      2
## 356 33.7         4        107.0         75   2210         14.4   81      3
## 357 32.4         4        108.0         75   2350         16.8   81      3
## 358 32.9         4        119.0        100   2615         14.8   81      3
## 359 31.6         4        120.0         74   2635         18.3   81      3
## 360 28.1         4        141.0         80   3230         20.4   81      2
## 361 30.7         6        145.0         76   3160         19.6   81      2
## 362 25.4         6        168.0        116   2900         12.6   81      3
## 363 24.2         6        146.0        120   2930         13.8   81      3
## 364 22.4         6        231.0        110   3415         15.8   81      1
## 365 26.6         8        350.0        105   3725         19.0   81      1
## 366 20.2         6        200.0         88   3060         17.1   81      1
## 367 17.6         6        225.0         85   3465         16.6   81      1
## 368 28.0         4        112.0         88   2605         19.6   82      1
## 369 27.0         4        112.0         88   2640         18.6   82      1
## 370 34.0         4        112.0         88   2395         18.0   82      1
## 371 31.0         4        112.0         85   2575         16.2   82      1
## 372 29.0         4        135.0         84   2525         16.0   82      1
## 373 27.0         4        151.0         90   2735         18.0   82      1
## 374 24.0         4        140.0         92   2865         16.4   82      1
## 375 36.0         4        105.0         74   1980         15.3   82      2
## 376 37.0         4         91.0         68   2025         18.2   82      3
## 377 31.0         4         91.0         68   1970         17.6   82      3
## 378 38.0         4        105.0         63   2125         14.7   82      1
## 379 36.0         4         98.0         70   2125         17.3   82      1
## 380 36.0         4        120.0         88   2160         14.5   82      3
## 381 36.0         4        107.0         75   2205         14.5   82      3
## 382 34.0         4        108.0         70   2245         16.9   82      3
## 383 38.0         4         91.0         67   1965         15.0   82      3
## 384 32.0         4         91.0         67   1965         15.7   82      3
## 385 38.0         4         91.0         67   1995         16.2   82      3
## 386 25.0         6        181.0        110   2945         16.4   82      1
## 387 38.0         6        262.0         85   3015         17.0   82      1
## 388 26.0         4        156.0         92   2585         14.5   82      1
## 389 22.0         6        232.0        112   2835         14.7   82      1
## 390 32.0         4        144.0         96   2665         13.9   82      3
## 391 36.0         4        135.0         84   2370         13.0   82      1
## 392 27.0         4        151.0         90   2950         17.3   82      1
## 393 27.0         4        140.0         86   2790         15.6   82      1
## 394 44.0         4         97.0         52   2130         24.6   82      2
## 395 32.0         4        135.0         84   2295         11.6   82      1
## 396 28.0         4        120.0         79   2625         18.6   82      1
## 397 31.0         4        119.0         82   2720         19.4   82      1
##                                     name
## 1              chevrolet chevelle malibu
## 2                      buick skylark 320
## 3                     plymouth satellite
## 4                          amc rebel sst
## 5                            ford torino
## 6                       ford galaxie 500
## 7                       chevrolet impala
## 8                      plymouth fury iii
## 9                       pontiac catalina
## 10                    amc ambassador dpl
## 11                   dodge challenger se
## 12                    plymouth 'cuda 340
## 13                 chevrolet monte carlo
## 14               buick estate wagon (sw)
## 15                 toyota corona mark ii
## 16                       plymouth duster
## 17                            amc hornet
## 18                         ford maverick
## 19                          datsun pl510
## 20          volkswagen 1131 deluxe sedan
## 21                           peugeot 504
## 22                           audi 100 ls
## 23                              saab 99e
## 24                              bmw 2002
## 25                           amc gremlin
## 26                             ford f250
## 27                             chevy c20
## 28                            dodge d200
## 29                              hi 1200d
## 30                          datsun pl510
## 31                   chevrolet vega 2300
## 32                         toyota corona
## 34                           amc gremlin
## 35             plymouth satellite custom
## 36             chevrolet chevelle malibu
## 37                       ford torino 500
## 38                           amc matador
## 39                      chevrolet impala
## 40             pontiac catalina brougham
## 41                      ford galaxie 500
## 42                     plymouth fury iii
## 43                     dodge monaco (sw)
## 44              ford country squire (sw)
## 45                   pontiac safari (sw)
## 46            amc hornet sportabout (sw)
## 47                   chevrolet vega (sw)
## 48                      pontiac firebird
## 49                          ford mustang
## 50                    mercury capri 2000
## 51                             opel 1900
## 52                           peugeot 304
## 53                             fiat 124b
## 54                   toyota corolla 1200
## 55                           datsun 1200
## 56                  volkswagen model 111
## 57                      plymouth cricket
## 58                 toyota corona hardtop
## 59                    dodge colt hardtop
## 60                     volkswagen type 3
## 61                        chevrolet vega
## 62                   ford pinto runabout
## 63                      chevrolet impala
## 64                      pontiac catalina
## 65                     plymouth fury iii
## 66                      ford galaxie 500
## 67                    amc ambassador sst
## 68                       mercury marquis
## 69                  buick lesabre custom
## 70            oldsmobile delta 88 royale
## 71                chrysler newport royal
## 72                       mazda rx2 coupe
## 73                      amc matador (sw)
## 74      chevrolet chevelle concours (sw)
## 75                 ford gran torino (sw)
## 76        plymouth satellite custom (sw)
## 77                       volvo 145e (sw)
## 78                   volkswagen 411 (sw)
## 79                      peugeot 504 (sw)
## 80                       renault 12 (sw)
## 81                       ford pinto (sw)
## 82                       datsun 510 (sw)
## 83           toyouta corona mark ii (sw)
## 84                       dodge colt (sw)
## 85              toyota corolla 1600 (sw)
## 86                     buick century 350
## 87                           amc matador
## 88                      chevrolet malibu
## 89                      ford gran torino
## 90                  dodge coronet custom
## 91              mercury marquis brougham
## 92             chevrolet caprice classic
## 93                              ford ltd
## 94              plymouth fury gran sedan
## 95          chrysler new yorker brougham
## 96              buick electra 225 custom
## 97               amc ambassador brougham
## 98                      plymouth valiant
## 99                 chevrolet nova custom
## 100                           amc hornet
## 101                        ford maverick
## 102                      plymouth duster
## 103              volkswagen super beetle
## 104                     chevrolet impala
## 105                         ford country
## 106               plymouth custom suburb
## 107             oldsmobile vista cruiser
## 108                          amc gremlin
## 109                        toyota carina
## 110                       chevrolet vega
## 111                           datsun 610
## 112                            maxda rx3
## 113                           ford pinto
## 114                     mercury capri v6
## 115                 fiat 124 sport coupe
## 116              chevrolet monte carlo s
## 117                   pontiac grand prix
## 118                             fiat 128
## 119                           opel manta
## 120                           audi 100ls
## 121                          volvo 144ea
## 122                    dodge dart custom
## 123                            saab 99le
## 124                       toyota mark ii
## 125                     oldsmobile omega
## 126                      plymouth duster
## 128                           amc hornet
## 129                       chevrolet nova
## 130                          datsun b210
## 131                           ford pinto
## 132                  toyota corolla 1200
## 133                       chevrolet vega
## 134    chevrolet chevelle malibu classic
## 135                          amc matador
## 136           plymouth satellite sebring
## 137                     ford gran torino
## 138             buick century luxus (sw)
## 139            dodge coronet custom (sw)
## 140                ford gran torino (sw)
## 141                     amc matador (sw)
## 142                             audi fox
## 143                    volkswagen dasher
## 144                           opel manta
## 145                        toyota corona
## 146                           datsun 710
## 147                           dodge colt
## 148                             fiat 128
## 149                          fiat 124 tc
## 150                          honda civic
## 151                               subaru
## 152                            fiat x1.9
## 153              plymouth valiant custom
## 154                       chevrolet nova
## 155                      mercury monarch
## 156                        ford maverick
## 157                     pontiac catalina
## 158                    chevrolet bel air
## 159                  plymouth grand fury
## 160                             ford ltd
## 161                        buick century
## 162            chevroelt chevelle malibu
## 163                          amc matador
## 164                        plymouth fury
## 165                        buick skyhawk
## 166                  chevrolet monza 2+2
## 167                      ford mustang ii
## 168                       toyota corolla
## 169                           ford pinto
## 170                          amc gremlin
## 171                        pontiac astro
## 172                        toyota corona
## 173                    volkswagen dasher
## 174                           datsun 710
## 175                           ford pinto
## 176                    volkswagen rabbit
## 177                            amc pacer
## 178                           audi 100ls
## 179                          peugeot 504
## 180                          volvo 244dl
## 181                            saab 99le
## 182                     honda civic cvcc
## 183                             fiat 131
## 184                            opel 1900
## 185                             capri ii
## 186                           dodge colt
## 187                         renault 12tl
## 188    chevrolet chevelle malibu classic
## 189               dodge coronet brougham
## 190                          amc matador
## 191                     ford gran torino
## 192                     plymouth valiant
## 193                       chevrolet nova
## 194                        ford maverick
## 195                           amc hornet
## 196                   chevrolet chevette
## 197                      chevrolet woody
## 198                            vw rabbit
## 199                          honda civic
## 200                       dodge aspen se
## 201                    ford granada ghia
## 202                   pontiac ventura sj
## 203                        amc pacer d/l
## 204                    volkswagen rabbit
## 205                         datsun b-210
## 206                       toyota corolla
## 207                           ford pinto
## 208                            volvo 245
## 209           plymouth volare premier v8
## 210                          peugeot 504
## 211                       toyota mark ii
## 212                   mercedes-benz 280s
## 213                     cadillac seville
## 214                            chevy c10
## 215                            ford f108
## 216                           dodge d100
## 217                    honda accord cvcc
## 218              buick opel isuzu deluxe
## 219                        renault 5 gtl
## 220                    plymouth arrow gs
## 221                datsun f-10 hatchback
## 222            chevrolet caprice classic
## 223           oldsmobile cutlass supreme
## 224                dodge monaco brougham
## 225              mercury cougar brougham
## 226                   chevrolet concours
## 227                        buick skylark
## 228               plymouth volare custom
## 229                         ford granada
## 230                pontiac grand prix lj
## 231         chevrolet monte carlo landau
## 232                     chrysler cordoba
## 233                     ford thunderbird
## 234             volkswagen rabbit custom
## 235                pontiac sunbird coupe
## 236              toyota corolla liftback
## 237                  ford mustang ii 2+2
## 238                   chevrolet chevette
## 239                       dodge colt m/m
## 240                            subaru dl
## 241                    volkswagen dasher
## 242                           datsun 810
## 243                             bmw 320i
## 244                           mazda rx-4
## 245      volkswagen rabbit custom diesel
## 246                          ford fiesta
## 247                     mazda glc deluxe
## 248                       datsun b210 gx
## 249                     honda civic cvcc
## 250    oldsmobile cutlass salon brougham
## 251                       dodge diplomat
## 252                 mercury monarch ghia
## 253                   pontiac phoenix lj
## 254                     chevrolet malibu
## 255                 ford fairmont (auto)
## 256                  ford fairmont (man)
## 257                      plymouth volare
## 258                          amc concord
## 259                buick century special
## 260                       mercury zephyr
## 261                          dodge aspen
## 262                      amc concord d/l
## 263         chevrolet monte carlo landau
## 264      buick regal sport coupe (turbo)
## 265                          ford futura
## 266                      dodge magnum xe
## 267                   chevrolet chevette
## 268                        toyota corona
## 269                           datsun 510
## 270                           dodge omni
## 271            toyota celica gt liftback
## 272                     plymouth sapporo
## 273               oldsmobile starfire sx
## 274                        datsun 200-sx
## 275                            audi 5000
## 276                          volvo 264gl
## 277                           saab 99gle
## 278                        peugeot 604sl
## 279                  volkswagen scirocco
## 280                      honda accord lx
## 281                    pontiac lemans v6
## 282                     mercury zephyr 6
## 283                      ford fairmont 4
## 284                     amc concord dl 6
## 285                        dodge aspen 6
## 286            chevrolet caprice classic
## 287                      ford ltd landau
## 288                mercury grand marquis
## 289                      dodge st. regis
## 290              buick estate wagon (sw)
## 291             ford country squire (sw)
## 292        chevrolet malibu classic (sw)
## 293 chrysler lebaron town @ country (sw)
## 294                     vw rabbit custom
## 295                     maxda glc deluxe
## 296          dodge colt hatchback custom
## 297                        amc spirit dl
## 298                   mercedes benz 300d
## 299                    cadillac eldorado
## 300                          peugeot 504
## 301    oldsmobile cutlass salon brougham
## 302                     plymouth horizon
## 303                 plymouth horizon tc3
## 304                           datsun 210
## 305                   fiat strada custom
## 306                buick skylark limited
## 307                   chevrolet citation
## 308            oldsmobile omega brougham
## 309                      pontiac phoenix
## 310                            vw rabbit
## 311                toyota corolla tercel
## 312                   chevrolet chevette
## 313                           datsun 310
## 314                   chevrolet citation
## 315                        ford fairmont
## 316                          amc concord
## 317                          dodge aspen
## 318                            audi 4000
## 319               toyota corona liftback
## 320                            mazda 626
## 321                 datsun 510 hatchback
## 322                       toyota corolla
## 323                            mazda glc
## 324                           dodge colt
## 325                           datsun 210
## 326                 vw rabbit c (diesel)
## 327                   vw dasher (diesel)
## 328                  audi 5000s (diesel)
## 329                   mercedes-benz 240d
## 330                  honda civic 1500 gl
## 332                            subaru dl
## 333                     vokswagen rabbit
## 334                        datsun 280-zx
## 335                        mazda rx-7 gs
## 336                    triumph tr7 coupe
## 338                         honda accord
## 339                     plymouth reliant
## 340                        buick skylark
## 341               dodge aries wagon (sw)
## 342                   chevrolet citation
## 343                     plymouth reliant
## 344                       toyota starlet
## 345                       plymouth champ
## 346                     honda civic 1300
## 347                               subaru
## 348                       datsun 210 mpg
## 349                        toyota tercel
## 350                          mazda glc 4
## 351                   plymouth horizon 4
## 352                       ford escort 4w
## 353                       ford escort 2h
## 354                     volkswagen jetta
## 356                        honda prelude
## 357                       toyota corolla
## 358                         datsun 200sx
## 359                            mazda 626
## 360            peugeot 505s turbo diesel
## 361                         volvo diesel
## 362                      toyota cressida
## 363                    datsun 810 maxima
## 364                        buick century
## 365                oldsmobile cutlass ls
## 366                      ford granada gl
## 367               chrysler lebaron salon
## 368                   chevrolet cavalier
## 369             chevrolet cavalier wagon
## 370            chevrolet cavalier 2-door
## 371           pontiac j2000 se hatchback
## 372                       dodge aries se
## 373                      pontiac phoenix
## 374                 ford fairmont futura
## 375                  volkswagen rabbit l
## 376                   mazda glc custom l
## 377                     mazda glc custom
## 378               plymouth horizon miser
## 379                       mercury lynx l
## 380                     nissan stanza xe
## 381                         honda accord
## 382                       toyota corolla
## 383                          honda civic
## 384                   honda civic (auto)
## 385                        datsun 310 gx
## 386                buick century limited
## 387    oldsmobile cutlass ciera (diesel)
## 388           chrysler lebaron medallion
## 389                       ford granada l
## 390                     toyota celica gt
## 391                    dodge charger 2.2
## 392                     chevrolet camaro
## 393                      ford mustang gl
## 394                            vw pickup
## 395                        dodge rampage
## 396                          ford ranger
## 397                           chevy s-10
?read.csv

# fix(Auto)
View(Auto)
knitr::kable(Auto)
mpg cylinders displacement horsepower weight acceleration year origin name
1 18.0 8 307.0 130 3504 12.0 70 1 chevrolet chevelle malibu
2 15.0 8 350.0 165 3693 11.5 70 1 buick skylark 320
3 18.0 8 318.0 150 3436 11.0 70 1 plymouth satellite
4 16.0 8 304.0 150 3433 12.0 70 1 amc rebel sst
5 17.0 8 302.0 140 3449 10.5 70 1 ford torino
6 15.0 8 429.0 198 4341 10.0 70 1 ford galaxie 500
7 14.0 8 454.0 220 4354 9.0 70 1 chevrolet impala
8 14.0 8 440.0 215 4312 8.5 70 1 plymouth fury iii
9 14.0 8 455.0 225 4425 10.0 70 1 pontiac catalina
10 15.0 8 390.0 190 3850 8.5 70 1 amc ambassador dpl
11 15.0 8 383.0 170 3563 10.0 70 1 dodge challenger se
12 14.0 8 340.0 160 3609 8.0 70 1 plymouth ’cuda 340
13 15.0 8 400.0 150 3761 9.5 70 1 chevrolet monte carlo
14 14.0 8 455.0 225 3086 10.0 70 1 buick estate wagon (sw)
15 24.0 4 113.0 95 2372 15.0 70 3 toyota corona mark ii
16 22.0 6 198.0 95 2833 15.5 70 1 plymouth duster
17 18.0 6 199.0 97 2774 15.5 70 1 amc hornet
18 21.0 6 200.0 85 2587 16.0 70 1 ford maverick
19 27.0 4 97.0 88 2130 14.5 70 3 datsun pl510
20 26.0 4 97.0 46 1835 20.5 70 2 volkswagen 1131 deluxe sedan
21 25.0 4 110.0 87 2672 17.5 70 2 peugeot 504
22 24.0 4 107.0 90 2430 14.5 70 2 audi 100 ls
23 25.0 4 104.0 95 2375 17.5 70 2 saab 99e
24 26.0 4 121.0 113 2234 12.5 70 2 bmw 2002
25 21.0 6 199.0 90 2648 15.0 70 1 amc gremlin
26 10.0 8 360.0 215 4615 14.0 70 1 ford f250
27 10.0 8 307.0 200 4376 15.0 70 1 chevy c20
28 11.0 8 318.0 210 4382 13.5 70 1 dodge d200
29 9.0 8 304.0 193 4732 18.5 70 1 hi 1200d
30 27.0 4 97.0 88 2130 14.5 71 3 datsun pl510
31 28.0 4 140.0 90 2264 15.5 71 1 chevrolet vega 2300
32 25.0 4 113.0 95 2228 14.0 71 3 toyota corona
34 19.0 6 232.0 100 2634 13.0 71 1 amc gremlin
35 16.0 6 225.0 105 3439 15.5 71 1 plymouth satellite custom
36 17.0 6 250.0 100 3329 15.5 71 1 chevrolet chevelle malibu
37 19.0 6 250.0 88 3302 15.5 71 1 ford torino 500
38 18.0 6 232.0 100 3288 15.5 71 1 amc matador
39 14.0 8 350.0 165 4209 12.0 71 1 chevrolet impala
40 14.0 8 400.0 175 4464 11.5 71 1 pontiac catalina brougham
41 14.0 8 351.0 153 4154 13.5 71 1 ford galaxie 500
42 14.0 8 318.0 150 4096 13.0 71 1 plymouth fury iii
43 12.0 8 383.0 180 4955 11.5 71 1 dodge monaco (sw)
44 13.0 8 400.0 170 4746 12.0 71 1 ford country squire (sw)
45 13.0 8 400.0 175 5140 12.0 71 1 pontiac safari (sw)
46 18.0 6 258.0 110 2962 13.5 71 1 amc hornet sportabout (sw)
47 22.0 4 140.0 72 2408 19.0 71 1 chevrolet vega (sw)
48 19.0 6 250.0 100 3282 15.0 71 1 pontiac firebird
49 18.0 6 250.0 88 3139 14.5 71 1 ford mustang
50 23.0 4 122.0 86 2220 14.0 71 1 mercury capri 2000
51 28.0 4 116.0 90 2123 14.0 71 2 opel 1900
52 30.0 4 79.0 70 2074 19.5 71 2 peugeot 304
53 30.0 4 88.0 76 2065 14.5 71 2 fiat 124b
54 31.0 4 71.0 65 1773 19.0 71 3 toyota corolla 1200
55 35.0 4 72.0 69 1613 18.0 71 3 datsun 1200
56 27.0 4 97.0 60 1834 19.0 71 2 volkswagen model 111
57 26.0 4 91.0 70 1955 20.5 71 1 plymouth cricket
58 24.0 4 113.0 95 2278 15.5 72 3 toyota corona hardtop
59 25.0 4 97.5 80 2126 17.0 72 1 dodge colt hardtop
60 23.0 4 97.0 54 2254 23.5 72 2 volkswagen type 3
61 20.0 4 140.0 90 2408 19.5 72 1 chevrolet vega
62 21.0 4 122.0 86 2226 16.5 72 1 ford pinto runabout
63 13.0 8 350.0 165 4274 12.0 72 1 chevrolet impala
64 14.0 8 400.0 175 4385 12.0 72 1 pontiac catalina
65 15.0 8 318.0 150 4135 13.5 72 1 plymouth fury iii
66 14.0 8 351.0 153 4129 13.0 72 1 ford galaxie 500
67 17.0 8 304.0 150 3672 11.5 72 1 amc ambassador sst
68 11.0 8 429.0 208 4633 11.0 72 1 mercury marquis
69 13.0 8 350.0 155 4502 13.5 72 1 buick lesabre custom
70 12.0 8 350.0 160 4456 13.5 72 1 oldsmobile delta 88 royale
71 13.0 8 400.0 190 4422 12.5 72 1 chrysler newport royal
72 19.0 3 70.0 97 2330 13.5 72 3 mazda rx2 coupe
73 15.0 8 304.0 150 3892 12.5 72 1 amc matador (sw)
74 13.0 8 307.0 130 4098 14.0 72 1 chevrolet chevelle concours (sw)
75 13.0 8 302.0 140 4294 16.0 72 1 ford gran torino (sw)
76 14.0 8 318.0 150 4077 14.0 72 1 plymouth satellite custom (sw)
77 18.0 4 121.0 112 2933 14.5 72 2 volvo 145e (sw)
78 22.0 4 121.0 76 2511 18.0 72 2 volkswagen 411 (sw)
79 21.0 4 120.0 87 2979 19.5 72 2 peugeot 504 (sw)
80 26.0 4 96.0 69 2189 18.0 72 2 renault 12 (sw)
81 22.0 4 122.0 86 2395 16.0 72 1 ford pinto (sw)
82 28.0 4 97.0 92 2288 17.0 72 3 datsun 510 (sw)
83 23.0 4 120.0 97 2506 14.5 72 3 toyouta corona mark ii (sw)
84 28.0 4 98.0 80 2164 15.0 72 1 dodge colt (sw)
85 27.0 4 97.0 88 2100 16.5 72 3 toyota corolla 1600 (sw)
86 13.0 8 350.0 175 4100 13.0 73 1 buick century 350
87 14.0 8 304.0 150 3672 11.5 73 1 amc matador
88 13.0 8 350.0 145 3988 13.0 73 1 chevrolet malibu
89 14.0 8 302.0 137 4042 14.5 73 1 ford gran torino
90 15.0 8 318.0 150 3777 12.5 73 1 dodge coronet custom
91 12.0 8 429.0 198 4952 11.5 73 1 mercury marquis brougham
92 13.0 8 400.0 150 4464 12.0 73 1 chevrolet caprice classic
93 13.0 8 351.0 158 4363 13.0 73 1 ford ltd
94 14.0 8 318.0 150 4237 14.5 73 1 plymouth fury gran sedan
95 13.0 8 440.0 215 4735 11.0 73 1 chrysler new yorker brougham
96 12.0 8 455.0 225 4951 11.0 73 1 buick electra 225 custom
97 13.0 8 360.0 175 3821 11.0 73 1 amc ambassador brougham
98 18.0 6 225.0 105 3121 16.5 73 1 plymouth valiant
99 16.0 6 250.0 100 3278 18.0 73 1 chevrolet nova custom
100 18.0 6 232.0 100 2945 16.0 73 1 amc hornet
101 18.0 6 250.0 88 3021 16.5 73 1 ford maverick
102 23.0 6 198.0 95 2904 16.0 73 1 plymouth duster
103 26.0 4 97.0 46 1950 21.0 73 2 volkswagen super beetle
104 11.0 8 400.0 150 4997 14.0 73 1 chevrolet impala
105 12.0 8 400.0 167 4906 12.5 73 1 ford country
106 13.0 8 360.0 170 4654 13.0 73 1 plymouth custom suburb
107 12.0 8 350.0 180 4499 12.5 73 1 oldsmobile vista cruiser
108 18.0 6 232.0 100 2789 15.0 73 1 amc gremlin
109 20.0 4 97.0 88 2279 19.0 73 3 toyota carina
110 21.0 4 140.0 72 2401 19.5 73 1 chevrolet vega
111 22.0 4 108.0 94 2379 16.5 73 3 datsun 610
112 18.0 3 70.0 90 2124 13.5 73 3 maxda rx3
113 19.0 4 122.0 85 2310 18.5 73 1 ford pinto
114 21.0 6 155.0 107 2472 14.0 73 1 mercury capri v6
115 26.0 4 98.0 90 2265 15.5 73 2 fiat 124 sport coupe
116 15.0 8 350.0 145 4082 13.0 73 1 chevrolet monte carlo s
117 16.0 8 400.0 230 4278 9.5 73 1 pontiac grand prix
118 29.0 4 68.0 49 1867 19.5 73 2 fiat 128
119 24.0 4 116.0 75 2158 15.5 73 2 opel manta
120 20.0 4 114.0 91 2582 14.0 73 2 audi 100ls
121 19.0 4 121.0 112 2868 15.5 73 2 volvo 144ea
122 15.0 8 318.0 150 3399 11.0 73 1 dodge dart custom
123 24.0 4 121.0 110 2660 14.0 73 2 saab 99le
124 20.0 6 156.0 122 2807 13.5 73 3 toyota mark ii
125 11.0 8 350.0 180 3664 11.0 73 1 oldsmobile omega
126 20.0 6 198.0 95 3102 16.5 74 1 plymouth duster
128 19.0 6 232.0 100 2901 16.0 74 1 amc hornet
129 15.0 6 250.0 100 3336 17.0 74 1 chevrolet nova
130 31.0 4 79.0 67 1950 19.0 74 3 datsun b210
131 26.0 4 122.0 80 2451 16.5 74 1 ford pinto
132 32.0 4 71.0 65 1836 21.0 74 3 toyota corolla 1200
133 25.0 4 140.0 75 2542 17.0 74 1 chevrolet vega
134 16.0 6 250.0 100 3781 17.0 74 1 chevrolet chevelle malibu classic
135 16.0 6 258.0 110 3632 18.0 74 1 amc matador
136 18.0 6 225.0 105 3613 16.5 74 1 plymouth satellite sebring
137 16.0 8 302.0 140 4141 14.0 74 1 ford gran torino
138 13.0 8 350.0 150 4699 14.5 74 1 buick century luxus (sw)
139 14.0 8 318.0 150 4457 13.5 74 1 dodge coronet custom (sw)
140 14.0 8 302.0 140 4638 16.0 74 1 ford gran torino (sw)
141 14.0 8 304.0 150 4257 15.5 74 1 amc matador (sw)
142 29.0 4 98.0 83 2219 16.5 74 2 audi fox
143 26.0 4 79.0 67 1963 15.5 74 2 volkswagen dasher
144 26.0 4 97.0 78 2300 14.5 74 2 opel manta
145 31.0 4 76.0 52 1649 16.5 74 3 toyota corona
146 32.0 4 83.0 61 2003 19.0 74 3 datsun 710
147 28.0 4 90.0 75 2125 14.5 74 1 dodge colt
148 24.0 4 90.0 75 2108 15.5 74 2 fiat 128
149 26.0 4 116.0 75 2246 14.0 74 2 fiat 124 tc
150 24.0 4 120.0 97 2489 15.0 74 3 honda civic
151 26.0 4 108.0 93 2391 15.5 74 3 subaru
152 31.0 4 79.0 67 2000 16.0 74 2 fiat x1.9
153 19.0 6 225.0 95 3264 16.0 75 1 plymouth valiant custom
154 18.0 6 250.0 105 3459 16.0 75 1 chevrolet nova
155 15.0 6 250.0 72 3432 21.0 75 1 mercury monarch
156 15.0 6 250.0 72 3158 19.5 75 1 ford maverick
157 16.0 8 400.0 170 4668 11.5 75 1 pontiac catalina
158 15.0 8 350.0 145 4440 14.0 75 1 chevrolet bel air
159 16.0 8 318.0 150 4498 14.5 75 1 plymouth grand fury
160 14.0 8 351.0 148 4657 13.5 75 1 ford ltd
161 17.0 6 231.0 110 3907 21.0 75 1 buick century
162 16.0 6 250.0 105 3897 18.5 75 1 chevroelt chevelle malibu
163 15.0 6 258.0 110 3730 19.0 75 1 amc matador
164 18.0 6 225.0 95 3785 19.0 75 1 plymouth fury
165 21.0 6 231.0 110 3039 15.0 75 1 buick skyhawk
166 20.0 8 262.0 110 3221 13.5 75 1 chevrolet monza 2+2
167 13.0 8 302.0 129 3169 12.0 75 1 ford mustang ii
168 29.0 4 97.0 75 2171 16.0 75 3 toyota corolla
169 23.0 4 140.0 83 2639 17.0 75 1 ford pinto
170 20.0 6 232.0 100 2914 16.0 75 1 amc gremlin
171 23.0 4 140.0 78 2592 18.5 75 1 pontiac astro
172 24.0 4 134.0 96 2702 13.5 75 3 toyota corona
173 25.0 4 90.0 71 2223 16.5 75 2 volkswagen dasher
174 24.0 4 119.0 97 2545 17.0 75 3 datsun 710
175 18.0 6 171.0 97 2984 14.5 75 1 ford pinto
176 29.0 4 90.0 70 1937 14.0 75 2 volkswagen rabbit
177 19.0 6 232.0 90 3211 17.0 75 1 amc pacer
178 23.0 4 115.0 95 2694 15.0 75 2 audi 100ls
179 23.0 4 120.0 88 2957 17.0 75 2 peugeot 504
180 22.0 4 121.0 98 2945 14.5 75 2 volvo 244dl
181 25.0 4 121.0 115 2671 13.5 75 2 saab 99le
182 33.0 4 91.0 53 1795 17.5 75 3 honda civic cvcc
183 28.0 4 107.0 86 2464 15.5 76 2 fiat 131
184 25.0 4 116.0 81 2220 16.9 76 2 opel 1900
185 25.0 4 140.0 92 2572 14.9 76 1 capri ii
186 26.0 4 98.0 79 2255 17.7 76 1 dodge colt
187 27.0 4 101.0 83 2202 15.3 76 2 renault 12tl
188 17.5 8 305.0 140 4215 13.0 76 1 chevrolet chevelle malibu classic
189 16.0 8 318.0 150 4190 13.0 76 1 dodge coronet brougham
190 15.5 8 304.0 120 3962 13.9 76 1 amc matador
191 14.5 8 351.0 152 4215 12.8 76 1 ford gran torino
192 22.0 6 225.0 100 3233 15.4 76 1 plymouth valiant
193 22.0 6 250.0 105 3353 14.5 76 1 chevrolet nova
194 24.0 6 200.0 81 3012 17.6 76 1 ford maverick
195 22.5 6 232.0 90 3085 17.6 76 1 amc hornet
196 29.0 4 85.0 52 2035 22.2 76 1 chevrolet chevette
197 24.5 4 98.0 60 2164 22.1 76 1 chevrolet woody
198 29.0 4 90.0 70 1937 14.2 76 2 vw rabbit
199 33.0 4 91.0 53 1795 17.4 76 3 honda civic
200 20.0 6 225.0 100 3651 17.7 76 1 dodge aspen se
201 18.0 6 250.0 78 3574 21.0 76 1 ford granada ghia
202 18.5 6 250.0 110 3645 16.2 76 1 pontiac ventura sj
203 17.5 6 258.0 95 3193 17.8 76 1 amc pacer d/l
204 29.5 4 97.0 71 1825 12.2 76 2 volkswagen rabbit
205 32.0 4 85.0 70 1990 17.0 76 3 datsun b-210
206 28.0 4 97.0 75 2155 16.4 76 3 toyota corolla
207 26.5 4 140.0 72 2565 13.6 76 1 ford pinto
208 20.0 4 130.0 102 3150 15.7 76 2 volvo 245
209 13.0 8 318.0 150 3940 13.2 76 1 plymouth volare premier v8
210 19.0 4 120.0 88 3270 21.9 76 2 peugeot 504
211 19.0 6 156.0 108 2930 15.5 76 3 toyota mark ii
212 16.5 6 168.0 120 3820 16.7 76 2 mercedes-benz 280s
213 16.5 8 350.0 180 4380 12.1 76 1 cadillac seville
214 13.0 8 350.0 145 4055 12.0 76 1 chevy c10
215 13.0 8 302.0 130 3870 15.0 76 1 ford f108
216 13.0 8 318.0 150 3755 14.0 76 1 dodge d100
217 31.5 4 98.0 68 2045 18.5 77 3 honda accord cvcc
218 30.0 4 111.0 80 2155 14.8 77 1 buick opel isuzu deluxe
219 36.0 4 79.0 58 1825 18.6 77 2 renault 5 gtl
220 25.5 4 122.0 96 2300 15.5 77 1 plymouth arrow gs
221 33.5 4 85.0 70 1945 16.8 77 3 datsun f-10 hatchback
222 17.5 8 305.0 145 3880 12.5 77 1 chevrolet caprice classic
223 17.0 8 260.0 110 4060 19.0 77 1 oldsmobile cutlass supreme
224 15.5 8 318.0 145 4140 13.7 77 1 dodge monaco brougham
225 15.0 8 302.0 130 4295 14.9 77 1 mercury cougar brougham
226 17.5 6 250.0 110 3520 16.4 77 1 chevrolet concours
227 20.5 6 231.0 105 3425 16.9 77 1 buick skylark
228 19.0 6 225.0 100 3630 17.7 77 1 plymouth volare custom
229 18.5 6 250.0 98 3525 19.0 77 1 ford granada
230 16.0 8 400.0 180 4220 11.1 77 1 pontiac grand prix lj
231 15.5 8 350.0 170 4165 11.4 77 1 chevrolet monte carlo landau
232 15.5 8 400.0 190 4325 12.2 77 1 chrysler cordoba
233 16.0 8 351.0 149 4335 14.5 77 1 ford thunderbird
234 29.0 4 97.0 78 1940 14.5 77 2 volkswagen rabbit custom
235 24.5 4 151.0 88 2740 16.0 77 1 pontiac sunbird coupe
236 26.0 4 97.0 75 2265 18.2 77 3 toyota corolla liftback
237 25.5 4 140.0 89 2755 15.8 77 1 ford mustang ii 2+2
238 30.5 4 98.0 63 2051 17.0 77 1 chevrolet chevette
239 33.5 4 98.0 83 2075 15.9 77 1 dodge colt m/m
240 30.0 4 97.0 67 1985 16.4 77 3 subaru dl
241 30.5 4 97.0 78 2190 14.1 77 2 volkswagen dasher
242 22.0 6 146.0 97 2815 14.5 77 3 datsun 810
243 21.5 4 121.0 110 2600 12.8 77 2 bmw 320i
244 21.5 3 80.0 110 2720 13.5 77 3 mazda rx-4
245 43.1 4 90.0 48 1985 21.5 78 2 volkswagen rabbit custom diesel
246 36.1 4 98.0 66 1800 14.4 78 1 ford fiesta
247 32.8 4 78.0 52 1985 19.4 78 3 mazda glc deluxe
248 39.4 4 85.0 70 2070 18.6 78 3 datsun b210 gx
249 36.1 4 91.0 60 1800 16.4 78 3 honda civic cvcc
250 19.9 8 260.0 110 3365 15.5 78 1 oldsmobile cutlass salon brougham
251 19.4 8 318.0 140 3735 13.2 78 1 dodge diplomat
252 20.2 8 302.0 139 3570 12.8 78 1 mercury monarch ghia
253 19.2 6 231.0 105 3535 19.2 78 1 pontiac phoenix lj
254 20.5 6 200.0 95 3155 18.2 78 1 chevrolet malibu
255 20.2 6 200.0 85 2965 15.8 78 1 ford fairmont (auto)
256 25.1 4 140.0 88 2720 15.4 78 1 ford fairmont (man)
257 20.5 6 225.0 100 3430 17.2 78 1 plymouth volare
258 19.4 6 232.0 90 3210 17.2 78 1 amc concord
259 20.6 6 231.0 105 3380 15.8 78 1 buick century special
260 20.8 6 200.0 85 3070 16.7 78 1 mercury zephyr
261 18.6 6 225.0 110 3620 18.7 78 1 dodge aspen
262 18.1 6 258.0 120 3410 15.1 78 1 amc concord d/l
263 19.2 8 305.0 145 3425 13.2 78 1 chevrolet monte carlo landau
264 17.7 6 231.0 165 3445 13.4 78 1 buick regal sport coupe (turbo)
265 18.1 8 302.0 139 3205 11.2 78 1 ford futura
266 17.5 8 318.0 140 4080 13.7 78 1 dodge magnum xe
267 30.0 4 98.0 68 2155 16.5 78 1 chevrolet chevette
268 27.5 4 134.0 95 2560 14.2 78 3 toyota corona
269 27.2 4 119.0 97 2300 14.7 78 3 datsun 510
270 30.9 4 105.0 75 2230 14.5 78 1 dodge omni
271 21.1 4 134.0 95 2515 14.8 78 3 toyota celica gt liftback
272 23.2 4 156.0 105 2745 16.7 78 1 plymouth sapporo
273 23.8 4 151.0 85 2855 17.6 78 1 oldsmobile starfire sx
274 23.9 4 119.0 97 2405 14.9 78 3 datsun 200-sx
275 20.3 5 131.0 103 2830 15.9 78 2 audi 5000
276 17.0 6 163.0 125 3140 13.6 78 2 volvo 264gl
277 21.6 4 121.0 115 2795 15.7 78 2 saab 99gle
278 16.2 6 163.0 133 3410 15.8 78 2 peugeot 604sl
279 31.5 4 89.0 71 1990 14.9 78 2 volkswagen scirocco
280 29.5 4 98.0 68 2135 16.6 78 3 honda accord lx
281 21.5 6 231.0 115 3245 15.4 79 1 pontiac lemans v6
282 19.8 6 200.0 85 2990 18.2 79 1 mercury zephyr 6
283 22.3 4 140.0 88 2890 17.3 79 1 ford fairmont 4
284 20.2 6 232.0 90 3265 18.2 79 1 amc concord dl 6
285 20.6 6 225.0 110 3360 16.6 79 1 dodge aspen 6
286 17.0 8 305.0 130 3840 15.4 79 1 chevrolet caprice classic
287 17.6 8 302.0 129 3725 13.4 79 1 ford ltd landau
288 16.5 8 351.0 138 3955 13.2 79 1 mercury grand marquis
289 18.2 8 318.0 135 3830 15.2 79 1 dodge st. regis
290 16.9 8 350.0 155 4360 14.9 79 1 buick estate wagon (sw)
291 15.5 8 351.0 142 4054 14.3 79 1 ford country squire (sw)
292 19.2 8 267.0 125 3605 15.0 79 1 chevrolet malibu classic (sw)
293 18.5 8 360.0 150 3940 13.0 79 1 chrysler lebaron town @ country (sw)
294 31.9 4 89.0 71 1925 14.0 79 2 vw rabbit custom
295 34.1 4 86.0 65 1975 15.2 79 3 maxda glc deluxe
296 35.7 4 98.0 80 1915 14.4 79 1 dodge colt hatchback custom
297 27.4 4 121.0 80 2670 15.0 79 1 amc spirit dl
298 25.4 5 183.0 77 3530 20.1 79 2 mercedes benz 300d
299 23.0 8 350.0 125 3900 17.4 79 1 cadillac eldorado
300 27.2 4 141.0 71 3190 24.8 79 2 peugeot 504
301 23.9 8 260.0 90 3420 22.2 79 1 oldsmobile cutlass salon brougham
302 34.2 4 105.0 70 2200 13.2 79 1 plymouth horizon
303 34.5 4 105.0 70 2150 14.9 79 1 plymouth horizon tc3
304 31.8 4 85.0 65 2020 19.2 79 3 datsun 210
305 37.3 4 91.0 69 2130 14.7 79 2 fiat strada custom
306 28.4 4 151.0 90 2670 16.0 79 1 buick skylark limited
307 28.8 6 173.0 115 2595 11.3 79 1 chevrolet citation
308 26.8 6 173.0 115 2700 12.9 79 1 oldsmobile omega brougham
309 33.5 4 151.0 90 2556 13.2 79 1 pontiac phoenix
310 41.5 4 98.0 76 2144 14.7 80 2 vw rabbit
311 38.1 4 89.0 60 1968 18.8 80 3 toyota corolla tercel
312 32.1 4 98.0 70 2120 15.5 80 1 chevrolet chevette
313 37.2 4 86.0 65 2019 16.4 80 3 datsun 310
314 28.0 4 151.0 90 2678 16.5 80 1 chevrolet citation
315 26.4 4 140.0 88 2870 18.1 80 1 ford fairmont
316 24.3 4 151.0 90 3003 20.1 80 1 amc concord
317 19.1 6 225.0 90 3381 18.7 80 1 dodge aspen
318 34.3 4 97.0 78 2188 15.8 80 2 audi 4000
319 29.8 4 134.0 90 2711 15.5 80 3 toyota corona liftback
320 31.3 4 120.0 75 2542 17.5 80 3 mazda 626
321 37.0 4 119.0 92 2434 15.0 80 3 datsun 510 hatchback
322 32.2 4 108.0 75 2265 15.2 80 3 toyota corolla
323 46.6 4 86.0 65 2110 17.9 80 3 mazda glc
324 27.9 4 156.0 105 2800 14.4 80 1 dodge colt
325 40.8 4 85.0 65 2110 19.2 80 3 datsun 210
326 44.3 4 90.0 48 2085 21.7 80 2 vw rabbit c (diesel)
327 43.4 4 90.0 48 2335 23.7 80 2 vw dasher (diesel)
328 36.4 5 121.0 67 2950 19.9 80 2 audi 5000s (diesel)
329 30.0 4 146.0 67 3250 21.8 80 2 mercedes-benz 240d
330 44.6 4 91.0 67 1850 13.8 80 3 honda civic 1500 gl
332 33.8 4 97.0 67 2145 18.0 80 3 subaru dl
333 29.8 4 89.0 62 1845 15.3 80 2 vokswagen rabbit
334 32.7 6 168.0 132 2910 11.4 80 3 datsun 280-zx
335 23.7 3 70.0 100 2420 12.5 80 3 mazda rx-7 gs
336 35.0 4 122.0 88 2500 15.1 80 2 triumph tr7 coupe
338 32.4 4 107.0 72 2290 17.0 80 3 honda accord
339 27.2 4 135.0 84 2490 15.7 81 1 plymouth reliant
340 26.6 4 151.0 84 2635 16.4 81 1 buick skylark
341 25.8 4 156.0 92 2620 14.4 81 1 dodge aries wagon (sw)
342 23.5 6 173.0 110 2725 12.6 81 1 chevrolet citation
343 30.0 4 135.0 84 2385 12.9 81 1 plymouth reliant
344 39.1 4 79.0 58 1755 16.9 81 3 toyota starlet
345 39.0 4 86.0 64 1875 16.4 81 1 plymouth champ
346 35.1 4 81.0 60 1760 16.1 81 3 honda civic 1300
347 32.3 4 97.0 67 2065 17.8 81 3 subaru
348 37.0 4 85.0 65 1975 19.4 81 3 datsun 210 mpg
349 37.7 4 89.0 62 2050 17.3 81 3 toyota tercel
350 34.1 4 91.0 68 1985 16.0 81 3 mazda glc 4
351 34.7 4 105.0 63 2215 14.9 81 1 plymouth horizon 4
352 34.4 4 98.0 65 2045 16.2 81 1 ford escort 4w
353 29.9 4 98.0 65 2380 20.7 81 1 ford escort 2h
354 33.0 4 105.0 74 2190 14.2 81 2 volkswagen jetta
356 33.7 4 107.0 75 2210 14.4 81 3 honda prelude
357 32.4 4 108.0 75 2350 16.8 81 3 toyota corolla
358 32.9 4 119.0 100 2615 14.8 81 3 datsun 200sx
359 31.6 4 120.0 74 2635 18.3 81 3 mazda 626
360 28.1 4 141.0 80 3230 20.4 81 2 peugeot 505s turbo diesel
361 30.7 6 145.0 76 3160 19.6 81 2 volvo diesel
362 25.4 6 168.0 116 2900 12.6 81 3 toyota cressida
363 24.2 6 146.0 120 2930 13.8 81 3 datsun 810 maxima
364 22.4 6 231.0 110 3415 15.8 81 1 buick century
365 26.6 8 350.0 105 3725 19.0 81 1 oldsmobile cutlass ls
366 20.2 6 200.0 88 3060 17.1 81 1 ford granada gl
367 17.6 6 225.0 85 3465 16.6 81 1 chrysler lebaron salon
368 28.0 4 112.0 88 2605 19.6 82 1 chevrolet cavalier
369 27.0 4 112.0 88 2640 18.6 82 1 chevrolet cavalier wagon
370 34.0 4 112.0 88 2395 18.0 82 1 chevrolet cavalier 2-door
371 31.0 4 112.0 85 2575 16.2 82 1 pontiac j2000 se hatchback
372 29.0 4 135.0 84 2525 16.0 82 1 dodge aries se
373 27.0 4 151.0 90 2735 18.0 82 1 pontiac phoenix
374 24.0 4 140.0 92 2865 16.4 82 1 ford fairmont futura
375 36.0 4 105.0 74 1980 15.3 82 2 volkswagen rabbit l
376 37.0 4 91.0 68 2025 18.2 82 3 mazda glc custom l
377 31.0 4 91.0 68 1970 17.6 82 3 mazda glc custom
378 38.0 4 105.0 63 2125 14.7 82 1 plymouth horizon miser
379 36.0 4 98.0 70 2125 17.3 82 1 mercury lynx l
380 36.0 4 120.0 88 2160 14.5 82 3 nissan stanza xe
381 36.0 4 107.0 75 2205 14.5 82 3 honda accord
382 34.0 4 108.0 70 2245 16.9 82 3 toyota corolla
383 38.0 4 91.0 67 1965 15.0 82 3 honda civic
384 32.0 4 91.0 67 1965 15.7 82 3 honda civic (auto)
385 38.0 4 91.0 67 1995 16.2 82 3 datsun 310 gx
386 25.0 6 181.0 110 2945 16.4 82 1 buick century limited
387 38.0 6 262.0 85 3015 17.0 82 1 oldsmobile cutlass ciera (diesel)
388 26.0 4 156.0 92 2585 14.5 82 1 chrysler lebaron medallion
389 22.0 6 232.0 112 2835 14.7 82 1 ford granada l
390 32.0 4 144.0 96 2665 13.9 82 3 toyota celica gt
391 36.0 4 135.0 84 2370 13.0 82 1 dodge charger 2.2
392 27.0 4 151.0 90 2950 17.3 82 1 chevrolet camaro
393 27.0 4 140.0 86 2790 15.6 82 1 ford mustang gl
394 44.0 4 97.0 52 2130 24.6 82 2 vw pickup
395 32.0 4 135.0 84 2295 11.6 82 1 dodge rampage
396 28.0 4 120.0 79 2625 18.6 82 1 ford ranger
397 31.0 4 119.0 82 2720 19.4 82 1 chevy s-10
class(Auto)
## [1] "data.frame"
dim(Auto)
## [1] 392   9
names(Auto)
## [1] "mpg"          "cylinders"    "displacement" "horsepower"   "weight"      
## [6] "acceleration" "year"         "origin"       "name"
str(Auto)
## 'data.frame':    392 obs. of  9 variables:
##  $ mpg         : num  18 15 18 16 17 15 14 14 14 15 ...
##  $ cylinders   : num  8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 ...
##  $ displacement: num  307 350 318 304 302 429 454 440 455 390 ...
##  $ horsepower  : num  130 165 150 150 140 198 220 215 225 190 ...
##  $ weight      : num  3504 3693 3436 3433 3449 ...
##  $ acceleration: num  12 11.5 11 12 10.5 10 9 8.5 10 8.5 ...
##  $ year        : num  70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 ...
##  $ origin      : num  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
##  $ name        : Factor w/ 304 levels "amc ambassador brougham",..: 49 36 231 14 161 141 54 223 241 2 ...
na.omit(Auto)
##      mpg cylinders displacement horsepower weight acceleration year origin
## 1   18.0         8        307.0        130   3504         12.0   70      1
## 2   15.0         8        350.0        165   3693         11.5   70      1
## 3   18.0         8        318.0        150   3436         11.0   70      1
## 4   16.0         8        304.0        150   3433         12.0   70      1
## 5   17.0         8        302.0        140   3449         10.5   70      1
## 6   15.0         8        429.0        198   4341         10.0   70      1
## 7   14.0         8        454.0        220   4354          9.0   70      1
## 8   14.0         8        440.0        215   4312          8.5   70      1
## 9   14.0         8        455.0        225   4425         10.0   70      1
## 10  15.0         8        390.0        190   3850          8.5   70      1
## 11  15.0         8        383.0        170   3563         10.0   70      1
## 12  14.0         8        340.0        160   3609          8.0   70      1
## 13  15.0         8        400.0        150   3761          9.5   70      1
## 14  14.0         8        455.0        225   3086         10.0   70      1
## 15  24.0         4        113.0         95   2372         15.0   70      3
## 16  22.0         6        198.0         95   2833         15.5   70      1
## 17  18.0         6        199.0         97   2774         15.5   70      1
## 18  21.0         6        200.0         85   2587         16.0   70      1
## 19  27.0         4         97.0         88   2130         14.5   70      3
## 20  26.0         4         97.0         46   1835         20.5   70      2
## 21  25.0         4        110.0         87   2672         17.5   70      2
## 22  24.0         4        107.0         90   2430         14.5   70      2
## 23  25.0         4        104.0         95   2375         17.5   70      2
## 24  26.0         4        121.0        113   2234         12.5   70      2
## 25  21.0         6        199.0         90   2648         15.0   70      1
## 26  10.0         8        360.0        215   4615         14.0   70      1
## 27  10.0         8        307.0        200   4376         15.0   70      1
## 28  11.0         8        318.0        210   4382         13.5   70      1
## 29   9.0         8        304.0        193   4732         18.5   70      1
## 30  27.0         4         97.0         88   2130         14.5   71      3
## 31  28.0         4        140.0         90   2264         15.5   71      1
## 32  25.0         4        113.0         95   2228         14.0   71      3
## 34  19.0         6        232.0        100   2634         13.0   71      1
## 35  16.0         6        225.0        105   3439         15.5   71      1
## 36  17.0         6        250.0        100   3329         15.5   71      1
## 37  19.0         6        250.0         88   3302         15.5   71      1
## 38  18.0         6        232.0        100   3288         15.5   71      1
## 39  14.0         8        350.0        165   4209         12.0   71      1
## 40  14.0         8        400.0        175   4464         11.5   71      1
## 41  14.0         8        351.0        153   4154         13.5   71      1
## 42  14.0         8        318.0        150   4096         13.0   71      1
## 43  12.0         8        383.0        180   4955         11.5   71      1
## 44  13.0         8        400.0        170   4746         12.0   71      1
## 45  13.0         8        400.0        175   5140         12.0   71      1
## 46  18.0         6        258.0        110   2962         13.5   71      1
## 47  22.0         4        140.0         72   2408         19.0   71      1
## 48  19.0         6        250.0        100   3282         15.0   71      1
## 49  18.0         6        250.0         88   3139         14.5   71      1
## 50  23.0         4        122.0         86   2220         14.0   71      1
## 51  28.0         4        116.0         90   2123         14.0   71      2
## 52  30.0         4         79.0         70   2074         19.5   71      2
## 53  30.0         4         88.0         76   2065         14.5   71      2
## 54  31.0         4         71.0         65   1773         19.0   71      3
## 55  35.0         4         72.0         69   1613         18.0   71      3
## 56  27.0         4         97.0         60   1834         19.0   71      2
## 57  26.0         4         91.0         70   1955         20.5   71      1
## 58  24.0         4        113.0         95   2278         15.5   72      3
## 59  25.0         4         97.5         80   2126         17.0   72      1
## 60  23.0         4         97.0         54   2254         23.5   72      2
## 61  20.0         4        140.0         90   2408         19.5   72      1
## 62  21.0         4        122.0         86   2226         16.5   72      1
## 63  13.0         8        350.0        165   4274         12.0   72      1
## 64  14.0         8        400.0        175   4385         12.0   72      1
## 65  15.0         8        318.0        150   4135         13.5   72      1
## 66  14.0         8        351.0        153   4129         13.0   72      1
## 67  17.0         8        304.0        150   3672         11.5   72      1
## 68  11.0         8        429.0        208   4633         11.0   72      1
## 69  13.0         8        350.0        155   4502         13.5   72      1
## 70  12.0         8        350.0        160   4456         13.5   72      1
## 71  13.0         8        400.0        190   4422         12.5   72      1
## 72  19.0         3         70.0         97   2330         13.5   72      3
## 73  15.0         8        304.0        150   3892         12.5   72      1
## 74  13.0         8        307.0        130   4098         14.0   72      1
## 75  13.0         8        302.0        140   4294         16.0   72      1
## 76  14.0         8        318.0        150   4077         14.0   72      1
## 77  18.0         4        121.0        112   2933         14.5   72      2
## 78  22.0         4        121.0         76   2511         18.0   72      2
## 79  21.0         4        120.0         87   2979         19.5   72      2
## 80  26.0         4         96.0         69   2189         18.0   72      2
## 81  22.0         4        122.0         86   2395         16.0   72      1
## 82  28.0         4         97.0         92   2288         17.0   72      3
## 83  23.0         4        120.0         97   2506         14.5   72      3
## 84  28.0         4         98.0         80   2164         15.0   72      1
## 85  27.0         4         97.0         88   2100         16.5   72      3
## 86  13.0         8        350.0        175   4100         13.0   73      1
## 87  14.0         8        304.0        150   3672         11.5   73      1
## 88  13.0         8        350.0        145   3988         13.0   73      1
## 89  14.0         8        302.0        137   4042         14.5   73      1
## 90  15.0         8        318.0        150   3777         12.5   73      1
## 91  12.0         8        429.0        198   4952         11.5   73      1
## 92  13.0         8        400.0        150   4464         12.0   73      1
## 93  13.0         8        351.0        158   4363         13.0   73      1
## 94  14.0         8        318.0        150   4237         14.5   73      1
## 95  13.0         8        440.0        215   4735         11.0   73      1
## 96  12.0         8        455.0        225   4951         11.0   73      1
## 97  13.0         8        360.0        175   3821         11.0   73      1
## 98  18.0         6        225.0        105   3121         16.5   73      1
## 99  16.0         6        250.0        100   3278         18.0   73      1
## 100 18.0         6        232.0        100   2945         16.0   73      1
## 101 18.0         6        250.0         88   3021         16.5   73      1
## 102 23.0         6        198.0         95   2904         16.0   73      1
## 103 26.0         4         97.0         46   1950         21.0   73      2
## 104 11.0         8        400.0        150   4997         14.0   73      1
## 105 12.0         8        400.0        167   4906         12.5   73      1
## 106 13.0         8        360.0        170   4654         13.0   73      1
## 107 12.0         8        350.0        180   4499         12.5   73      1
## 108 18.0         6        232.0        100   2789         15.0   73      1
## 109 20.0         4         97.0         88   2279         19.0   73      3
## 110 21.0         4        140.0         72   2401         19.5   73      1
## 111 22.0         4        108.0         94   2379         16.5   73      3
## 112 18.0         3         70.0         90   2124         13.5   73      3
## 113 19.0         4        122.0         85   2310         18.5   73      1
## 114 21.0         6        155.0        107   2472         14.0   73      1
## 115 26.0         4         98.0         90   2265         15.5   73      2
## 116 15.0         8        350.0        145   4082         13.0   73      1
## 117 16.0         8        400.0        230   4278          9.5   73      1
## 118 29.0         4         68.0         49   1867         19.5   73      2
## 119 24.0         4        116.0         75   2158         15.5   73      2
## 120 20.0         4        114.0         91   2582         14.0   73      2
## 121 19.0         4        121.0        112   2868         15.5   73      2
## 122 15.0         8        318.0        150   3399         11.0   73      1
## 123 24.0         4        121.0        110   2660         14.0   73      2
## 124 20.0         6        156.0        122   2807         13.5   73      3
## 125 11.0         8        350.0        180   3664         11.0   73      1
## 126 20.0         6        198.0         95   3102         16.5   74      1
## 128 19.0         6        232.0        100   2901         16.0   74      1
## 129 15.0         6        250.0        100   3336         17.0   74      1
## 130 31.0         4         79.0         67   1950         19.0   74      3
## 131 26.0         4        122.0         80   2451         16.5   74      1
## 132 32.0         4         71.0         65   1836         21.0   74      3
## 133 25.0         4        140.0         75   2542         17.0   74      1
## 134 16.0         6        250.0        100   3781         17.0   74      1
## 135 16.0         6        258.0        110   3632         18.0   74      1
## 136 18.0         6        225.0        105   3613         16.5   74      1
## 137 16.0         8        302.0        140   4141         14.0   74      1
## 138 13.0         8        350.0        150   4699         14.5   74      1
## 139 14.0         8        318.0        150   4457         13.5   74      1
## 140 14.0         8        302.0        140   4638         16.0   74      1
## 141 14.0         8        304.0        150   4257         15.5   74      1
## 142 29.0         4         98.0         83   2219         16.5   74      2
## 143 26.0         4         79.0         67   1963         15.5   74      2
## 144 26.0         4         97.0         78   2300         14.5   74      2
## 145 31.0         4         76.0         52   1649         16.5   74      3
## 146 32.0         4         83.0         61   2003         19.0   74      3
## 147 28.0         4         90.0         75   2125         14.5   74      1
## 148 24.0         4         90.0         75   2108         15.5   74      2
## 149 26.0         4        116.0         75   2246         14.0   74      2
## 150 24.0         4        120.0         97   2489         15.0   74      3
## 151 26.0         4        108.0         93   2391         15.5   74      3
## 152 31.0         4         79.0         67   2000         16.0   74      2
## 153 19.0         6        225.0         95   3264         16.0   75      1
## 154 18.0         6        250.0        105   3459         16.0   75      1
## 155 15.0         6        250.0         72   3432         21.0   75      1
## 156 15.0         6        250.0         72   3158         19.5   75      1
## 157 16.0         8        400.0        170   4668         11.5   75      1
## 158 15.0         8        350.0        145   4440         14.0   75      1
## 159 16.0         8        318.0        150   4498         14.5   75      1
## 160 14.0         8        351.0        148   4657         13.5   75      1
## 161 17.0         6        231.0        110   3907         21.0   75      1
## 162 16.0         6        250.0        105   3897         18.5   75      1
## 163 15.0         6        258.0        110   3730         19.0   75      1
## 164 18.0         6        225.0         95   3785         19.0   75      1
## 165 21.0         6        231.0        110   3039         15.0   75      1
## 166 20.0         8        262.0        110   3221         13.5   75      1
## 167 13.0         8        302.0        129   3169         12.0   75      1
## 168 29.0         4         97.0         75   2171         16.0   75      3
## 169 23.0         4        140.0         83   2639         17.0   75      1
## 170 20.0         6        232.0        100   2914         16.0   75      1
## 171 23.0         4        140.0         78   2592         18.5   75      1
## 172 24.0         4        134.0         96   2702         13.5   75      3
## 173 25.0         4         90.0         71   2223         16.5   75      2
## 174 24.0         4        119.0         97   2545         17.0   75      3
## 175 18.0         6        171.0         97   2984         14.5   75      1
## 176 29.0         4         90.0         70   1937         14.0   75      2
## 177 19.0         6        232.0         90   3211         17.0   75      1
## 178 23.0         4        115.0         95   2694         15.0   75      2
## 179 23.0         4        120.0         88   2957         17.0   75      2
## 180 22.0         4        121.0         98   2945         14.5   75      2
## 181 25.0         4        121.0        115   2671         13.5   75      2
## 182 33.0         4         91.0         53   1795         17.5   75      3
## 183 28.0         4        107.0         86   2464         15.5   76      2
## 184 25.0         4        116.0         81   2220         16.9   76      2
## 185 25.0         4        140.0         92   2572         14.9   76      1
## 186 26.0         4         98.0         79   2255         17.7   76      1
## 187 27.0         4        101.0         83   2202         15.3   76      2
## 188 17.5         8        305.0        140   4215         13.0   76      1
## 189 16.0         8        318.0        150   4190         13.0   76      1
## 190 15.5         8        304.0        120   3962         13.9   76      1
## 191 14.5         8        351.0        152   4215         12.8   76      1
## 192 22.0         6        225.0        100   3233         15.4   76      1
## 193 22.0         6        250.0        105   3353         14.5   76      1
## 194 24.0         6        200.0         81   3012         17.6   76      1
## 195 22.5         6        232.0         90   3085         17.6   76      1
## 196 29.0         4         85.0         52   2035         22.2   76      1
## 197 24.5         4         98.0         60   2164         22.1   76      1
## 198 29.0         4         90.0         70   1937         14.2   76      2
## 199 33.0         4         91.0         53   1795         17.4   76      3
## 200 20.0         6        225.0        100   3651         17.7   76      1
## 201 18.0         6        250.0         78   3574         21.0   76      1
## 202 18.5         6        250.0        110   3645         16.2   76      1
## 203 17.5         6        258.0         95   3193         17.8   76      1
## 204 29.5         4         97.0         71   1825         12.2   76      2
## 205 32.0         4         85.0         70   1990         17.0   76      3
## 206 28.0         4         97.0         75   2155         16.4   76      3
## 207 26.5         4        140.0         72   2565         13.6   76      1
## 208 20.0         4        130.0        102   3150         15.7   76      2
## 209 13.0         8        318.0        150   3940         13.2   76      1
## 210 19.0         4        120.0         88   3270         21.9   76      2
## 211 19.0         6        156.0        108   2930         15.5   76      3
## 212 16.5         6        168.0        120   3820         16.7   76      2
## 213 16.5         8        350.0        180   4380         12.1   76      1
## 214 13.0         8        350.0        145   4055         12.0   76      1
## 215 13.0         8        302.0        130   3870         15.0   76      1
## 216 13.0         8        318.0        150   3755         14.0   76      1
## 217 31.5         4         98.0         68   2045         18.5   77      3
## 218 30.0         4        111.0         80   2155         14.8   77      1
## 219 36.0         4         79.0         58   1825         18.6   77      2
## 220 25.5         4        122.0         96   2300         15.5   77      1
## 221 33.5         4         85.0         70   1945         16.8   77      3
## 222 17.5         8        305.0        145   3880         12.5   77      1
## 223 17.0         8        260.0        110   4060         19.0   77      1
## 224 15.5         8        318.0        145   4140         13.7   77      1
## 225 15.0         8        302.0        130   4295         14.9   77      1
## 226 17.5         6        250.0        110   3520         16.4   77      1
## 227 20.5         6        231.0        105   3425         16.9   77      1
## 228 19.0         6        225.0        100   3630         17.7   77      1
## 229 18.5         6        250.0         98   3525         19.0   77      1
## 230 16.0         8        400.0        180   4220         11.1   77      1
## 231 15.5         8        350.0        170   4165         11.4   77      1
## 232 15.5         8        400.0        190   4325         12.2   77      1
## 233 16.0         8        351.0        149   4335         14.5   77      1
## 234 29.0         4         97.0         78   1940         14.5   77      2
## 235 24.5         4        151.0         88   2740         16.0   77      1
## 236 26.0         4         97.0         75   2265         18.2   77      3
## 237 25.5         4        140.0         89   2755         15.8   77      1
## 238 30.5         4         98.0         63   2051         17.0   77      1
## 239 33.5         4         98.0         83   2075         15.9   77      1
## 240 30.0         4         97.0         67   1985         16.4   77      3
## 241 30.5         4         97.0         78   2190         14.1   77      2
## 242 22.0         6        146.0         97   2815         14.5   77      3
## 243 21.5         4        121.0        110   2600         12.8   77      2
## 244 21.5         3         80.0        110   2720         13.5   77      3
## 245 43.1         4         90.0         48   1985         21.5   78      2
## 246 36.1         4         98.0         66   1800         14.4   78      1
## 247 32.8         4         78.0         52   1985         19.4   78      3
## 248 39.4         4         85.0         70   2070         18.6   78      3
## 249 36.1         4         91.0         60   1800         16.4   78      3
## 250 19.9         8        260.0        110   3365         15.5   78      1
## 251 19.4         8        318.0        140   3735         13.2   78      1
## 252 20.2         8        302.0        139   3570         12.8   78      1
## 253 19.2         6        231.0        105   3535         19.2   78      1
## 254 20.5         6        200.0         95   3155         18.2   78      1
## 255 20.2         6        200.0         85   2965         15.8   78      1
## 256 25.1         4        140.0         88   2720         15.4   78      1
## 257 20.5         6        225.0        100   3430         17.2   78      1
## 258 19.4         6        232.0         90   3210         17.2   78      1
## 259 20.6         6        231.0        105   3380         15.8   78      1
## 260 20.8         6        200.0         85   3070         16.7   78      1
## 261 18.6         6        225.0        110   3620         18.7   78      1
## 262 18.1         6        258.0        120   3410         15.1   78      1
## 263 19.2         8        305.0        145   3425         13.2   78      1
## 264 17.7         6        231.0        165   3445         13.4   78      1
## 265 18.1         8        302.0        139   3205         11.2   78      1
## 266 17.5         8        318.0        140   4080         13.7   78      1
## 267 30.0         4         98.0         68   2155         16.5   78      1
## 268 27.5         4        134.0         95   2560         14.2   78      3
## 269 27.2         4        119.0         97   2300         14.7   78      3
## 270 30.9         4        105.0         75   2230         14.5   78      1
## 271 21.1         4        134.0         95   2515         14.8   78      3
## 272 23.2         4        156.0        105   2745         16.7   78      1
## 273 23.8         4        151.0         85   2855         17.6   78      1
## 274 23.9         4        119.0         97   2405         14.9   78      3
## 275 20.3         5        131.0        103   2830         15.9   78      2
## 276 17.0         6        163.0        125   3140         13.6   78      2
## 277 21.6         4        121.0        115   2795         15.7   78      2
## 278 16.2         6        163.0        133   3410         15.8   78      2
## 279 31.5         4         89.0         71   1990         14.9   78      2
## 280 29.5         4         98.0         68   2135         16.6   78      3
## 281 21.5         6        231.0        115   3245         15.4   79      1
## 282 19.8         6        200.0         85   2990         18.2   79      1
## 283 22.3         4        140.0         88   2890         17.3   79      1
## 284 20.2         6        232.0         90   3265         18.2   79      1
## 285 20.6         6        225.0        110   3360         16.6   79      1
## 286 17.0         8        305.0        130   3840         15.4   79      1
## 287 17.6         8        302.0        129   3725         13.4   79      1
## 288 16.5         8        351.0        138   3955         13.2   79      1
## 289 18.2         8        318.0        135   3830         15.2   79      1
## 290 16.9         8        350.0        155   4360         14.9   79      1
## 291 15.5         8        351.0        142   4054         14.3   79      1
## 292 19.2         8        267.0        125   3605         15.0   79      1
## 293 18.5         8        360.0        150   3940         13.0   79      1
## 294 31.9         4         89.0         71   1925         14.0   79      2
## 295 34.1         4         86.0         65   1975         15.2   79      3
## 296 35.7         4         98.0         80   1915         14.4   79      1
## 297 27.4         4        121.0         80   2670         15.0   79      1
## 298 25.4         5        183.0         77   3530         20.1   79      2
## 299 23.0         8        350.0        125   3900         17.4   79      1
## 300 27.2         4        141.0         71   3190         24.8   79      2
## 301 23.9         8        260.0         90   3420         22.2   79      1
## 302 34.2         4        105.0         70   2200         13.2   79      1
## 303 34.5         4        105.0         70   2150         14.9   79      1
## 304 31.8         4         85.0         65   2020         19.2   79      3
## 305 37.3         4         91.0         69   2130         14.7   79      2
## 306 28.4         4        151.0         90   2670         16.0   79      1
## 307 28.8         6        173.0        115   2595         11.3   79      1
## 308 26.8         6        173.0        115   2700         12.9   79      1
## 309 33.5         4        151.0         90   2556         13.2   79      1
## 310 41.5         4         98.0         76   2144         14.7   80      2
## 311 38.1         4         89.0         60   1968         18.8   80      3
## 312 32.1         4         98.0         70   2120         15.5   80      1
## 313 37.2         4         86.0         65   2019         16.4   80      3
## 314 28.0         4        151.0         90   2678         16.5   80      1
## 315 26.4         4        140.0         88   2870         18.1   80      1
## 316 24.3         4        151.0         90   3003         20.1   80      1
## 317 19.1         6        225.0         90   3381         18.7   80      1
## 318 34.3         4         97.0         78   2188         15.8   80      2
## 319 29.8         4        134.0         90   2711         15.5   80      3
## 320 31.3         4        120.0         75   2542         17.5   80      3
## 321 37.0         4        119.0         92   2434         15.0   80      3
## 322 32.2         4        108.0         75   2265         15.2   80      3
## 323 46.6         4         86.0         65   2110         17.9   80      3
## 324 27.9         4        156.0        105   2800         14.4   80      1
## 325 40.8         4         85.0         65   2110         19.2   80      3
## 326 44.3         4         90.0         48   2085         21.7   80      2
## 327 43.4         4         90.0         48   2335         23.7   80      2
## 328 36.4         5        121.0         67   2950         19.9   80      2
## 329 30.0         4        146.0         67   3250         21.8   80      2
## 330 44.6         4         91.0         67   1850         13.8   80      3
## 332 33.8         4         97.0         67   2145         18.0   80      3
## 333 29.8         4         89.0         62   1845         15.3   80      2
## 334 32.7         6        168.0        132   2910         11.4   80      3
## 335 23.7         3         70.0        100   2420         12.5   80      3
## 336 35.0         4        122.0         88   2500         15.1   80      2
## 338 32.4         4        107.0         72   2290         17.0   80      3
## 339 27.2         4        135.0         84   2490         15.7   81      1
## 340 26.6         4        151.0         84   2635         16.4   81      1
## 341 25.8         4        156.0         92   2620         14.4   81      1
## 342 23.5         6        173.0        110   2725         12.6   81      1
## 343 30.0         4        135.0         84   2385         12.9   81      1
## 344 39.1         4         79.0         58   1755         16.9   81      3
## 345 39.0         4         86.0         64   1875         16.4   81      1
## 346 35.1         4         81.0         60   1760         16.1   81      3
## 347 32.3         4         97.0         67   2065         17.8   81      3
## 348 37.0         4         85.0         65   1975         19.4   81      3
## 349 37.7         4         89.0         62   2050         17.3   81      3
## 350 34.1         4         91.0         68   1985         16.0   81      3
## 351 34.7         4        105.0         63   2215         14.9   81      1
## 352 34.4         4         98.0         65   2045         16.2   81      1
## 353 29.9         4         98.0         65   2380         20.7   81      1
## 354 33.0         4        105.0         74   2190         14.2   81      2
## 356 33.7         4        107.0         75   2210         14.4   81      3
## 357 32.4         4        108.0         75   2350         16.8   81      3
## 358 32.9         4        119.0        100   2615         14.8   81      3
## 359 31.6         4        120.0         74   2635         18.3   81      3
## 360 28.1         4        141.0         80   3230         20.4   81      2
## 361 30.7         6        145.0         76   3160         19.6   81      2
## 362 25.4         6        168.0        116   2900         12.6   81      3
## 363 24.2         6        146.0        120   2930         13.8   81      3
## 364 22.4         6        231.0        110   3415         15.8   81      1
## 365 26.6         8        350.0        105   3725         19.0   81      1
## 366 20.2         6        200.0         88   3060         17.1   81      1
## 367 17.6         6        225.0         85   3465         16.6   81      1
## 368 28.0         4        112.0         88   2605         19.6   82      1
## 369 27.0         4        112.0         88   2640         18.6   82      1
## 370 34.0         4        112.0         88   2395         18.0   82      1
## 371 31.0         4        112.0         85   2575         16.2   82      1
## 372 29.0         4        135.0         84   2525         16.0   82      1
## 373 27.0         4        151.0         90   2735         18.0   82      1
## 374 24.0         4        140.0         92   2865         16.4   82      1
## 375 36.0         4        105.0         74   1980         15.3   82      2
## 376 37.0         4         91.0         68   2025         18.2   82      3
## 377 31.0         4         91.0         68   1970         17.6   82      3
## 378 38.0         4        105.0         63   2125         14.7   82      1
## 379 36.0         4         98.0         70   2125         17.3   82      1
## 380 36.0         4        120.0         88   2160         14.5   82      3
## 381 36.0         4        107.0         75   2205         14.5   82      3
## 382 34.0         4        108.0         70   2245         16.9   82      3
## 383 38.0         4         91.0         67   1965         15.0   82      3
## 384 32.0         4         91.0         67   1965         15.7   82      3
## 385 38.0         4         91.0         67   1995         16.2   82      3
## 386 25.0         6        181.0        110   2945         16.4   82      1
## 387 38.0         6        262.0         85   3015         17.0   82      1
## 388 26.0         4        156.0         92   2585         14.5   82      1
## 389 22.0         6        232.0        112   2835         14.7   82      1
## 390 32.0         4        144.0         96   2665         13.9   82      3
## 391 36.0         4        135.0         84   2370         13.0   82      1
## 392 27.0         4        151.0         90   2950         17.3   82      1
## 393 27.0         4        140.0         86   2790         15.6   82      1
## 394 44.0         4         97.0         52   2130         24.6   82      2
## 395 32.0         4        135.0         84   2295         11.6   82      1
## 396 28.0         4        120.0         79   2625         18.6   82      1
## 397 31.0         4        119.0         82   2720         19.4   82      1
##                                     name
## 1              chevrolet chevelle malibu
## 2                      buick skylark 320
## 3                     plymouth satellite
## 4                          amc rebel sst
## 5                            ford torino
## 6                       ford galaxie 500
## 7                       chevrolet impala
## 8                      plymouth fury iii
## 9                       pontiac catalina
## 10                    amc ambassador dpl
## 11                   dodge challenger se
## 12                    plymouth 'cuda 340
## 13                 chevrolet monte carlo
## 14               buick estate wagon (sw)
## 15                 toyota corona mark ii
## 16                       plymouth duster
## 17                            amc hornet
## 18                         ford maverick
## 19                          datsun pl510
## 20          volkswagen 1131 deluxe sedan
## 21                           peugeot 504
## 22                           audi 100 ls
## 23                              saab 99e
## 24                              bmw 2002
## 25                           amc gremlin
## 26                             ford f250
## 27                             chevy c20
## 28                            dodge d200
## 29                              hi 1200d
## 30                          datsun pl510
## 31                   chevrolet vega 2300
## 32                         toyota corona
## 34                           amc gremlin
## 35             plymouth satellite custom
## 36             chevrolet chevelle malibu
## 37                       ford torino 500
## 38                           amc matador
## 39                      chevrolet impala
## 40             pontiac catalina brougham
## 41                      ford galaxie 500
## 42                     plymouth fury iii
## 43                     dodge monaco (sw)
## 44              ford country squire (sw)
## 45                   pontiac safari (sw)
## 46            amc hornet sportabout (sw)
## 47                   chevrolet vega (sw)
## 48                      pontiac firebird
## 49                          ford mustang
## 50                    mercury capri 2000
## 51                             opel 1900
## 52                           peugeot 304
## 53                             fiat 124b
## 54                   toyota corolla 1200
## 55                           datsun 1200
## 56                  volkswagen model 111
## 57                      plymouth cricket
## 58                 toyota corona hardtop
## 59                    dodge colt hardtop
## 60                     volkswagen type 3
## 61                        chevrolet vega
## 62                   ford pinto runabout
## 63                      chevrolet impala
## 64                      pontiac catalina
## 65                     plymouth fury iii
## 66                      ford galaxie 500
## 67                    amc ambassador sst
## 68                       mercury marquis
## 69                  buick lesabre custom
## 70            oldsmobile delta 88 royale
## 71                chrysler newport royal
## 72                       mazda rx2 coupe
## 73                      amc matador (sw)
## 74      chevrolet chevelle concours (sw)
## 75                 ford gran torino (sw)
## 76        plymouth satellite custom (sw)
## 77                       volvo 145e (sw)
## 78                   volkswagen 411 (sw)
## 79                      peugeot 504 (sw)
## 80                       renault 12 (sw)
## 81                       ford pinto (sw)
## 82                       datsun 510 (sw)
## 83           toyouta corona mark ii (sw)
## 84                       dodge colt (sw)
## 85              toyota corolla 1600 (sw)
## 86                     buick century 350
## 87                           amc matador
## 88                      chevrolet malibu
## 89                      ford gran torino
## 90                  dodge coronet custom
## 91              mercury marquis brougham
## 92             chevrolet caprice classic
## 93                              ford ltd
## 94              plymouth fury gran sedan
## 95          chrysler new yorker brougham
## 96              buick electra 225 custom
## 97               amc ambassador brougham
## 98                      plymouth valiant
## 99                 chevrolet nova custom
## 100                           amc hornet
## 101                        ford maverick
## 102                      plymouth duster
## 103              volkswagen super beetle
## 104                     chevrolet impala
## 105                         ford country
## 106               plymouth custom suburb
## 107             oldsmobile vista cruiser
## 108                          amc gremlin
## 109                        toyota carina
## 110                       chevrolet vega
## 111                           datsun 610
## 112                            maxda rx3
## 113                           ford pinto
## 114                     mercury capri v6
## 115                 fiat 124 sport coupe
## 116              chevrolet monte carlo s
## 117                   pontiac grand prix
## 118                             fiat 128
## 119                           opel manta
## 120                           audi 100ls
## 121                          volvo 144ea
## 122                    dodge dart custom
## 123                            saab 99le
## 124                       toyota mark ii
## 125                     oldsmobile omega
## 126                      plymouth duster
## 128                           amc hornet
## 129                       chevrolet nova
## 130                          datsun b210
## 131                           ford pinto
## 132                  toyota corolla 1200
## 133                       chevrolet vega
## 134    chevrolet chevelle malibu classic
## 135                          amc matador
## 136           plymouth satellite sebring
## 137                     ford gran torino
## 138             buick century luxus (sw)
## 139            dodge coronet custom (sw)
## 140                ford gran torino (sw)
## 141                     amc matador (sw)
## 142                             audi fox
## 143                    volkswagen dasher
## 144                           opel manta
## 145                        toyota corona
## 146                           datsun 710
## 147                           dodge colt
## 148                             fiat 128
## 149                          fiat 124 tc
## 150                          honda civic
## 151                               subaru
## 152                            fiat x1.9
## 153              plymouth valiant custom
## 154                       chevrolet nova
## 155                      mercury monarch
## 156                        ford maverick
## 157                     pontiac catalina
## 158                    chevrolet bel air
## 159                  plymouth grand fury
## 160                             ford ltd
## 161                        buick century
## 162            chevroelt chevelle malibu
## 163                          amc matador
## 164                        plymouth fury
## 165                        buick skyhawk
## 166                  chevrolet monza 2+2
## 167                      ford mustang ii
## 168                       toyota corolla
## 169                           ford pinto
## 170                          amc gremlin
## 171                        pontiac astro
## 172                        toyota corona
## 173                    volkswagen dasher
## 174                           datsun 710
## 175                           ford pinto
## 176                    volkswagen rabbit
## 177                            amc pacer
## 178                           audi 100ls
## 179                          peugeot 504
## 180                          volvo 244dl
## 181                            saab 99le
## 182                     honda civic cvcc
## 183                             fiat 131
## 184                            opel 1900
## 185                             capri ii
## 186                           dodge colt
## 187                         renault 12tl
## 188    chevrolet chevelle malibu classic
## 189               dodge coronet brougham
## 190                          amc matador
## 191                     ford gran torino
## 192                     plymouth valiant
## 193                       chevrolet nova
## 194                        ford maverick
## 195                           amc hornet
## 196                   chevrolet chevette
## 197                      chevrolet woody
## 198                            vw rabbit
## 199                          honda civic
## 200                       dodge aspen se
## 201                    ford granada ghia
## 202                   pontiac ventura sj
## 203                        amc pacer d/l
## 204                    volkswagen rabbit
## 205                         datsun b-210
## 206                       toyota corolla
## 207                           ford pinto
## 208                            volvo 245
## 209           plymouth volare premier v8
## 210                          peugeot 504
## 211                       toyota mark ii
## 212                   mercedes-benz 280s
## 213                     cadillac seville
## 214                            chevy c10
## 215                            ford f108
## 216                           dodge d100
## 217                    honda accord cvcc
## 218              buick opel isuzu deluxe
## 219                        renault 5 gtl
## 220                    plymouth arrow gs
## 221                datsun f-10 hatchback
## 222            chevrolet caprice classic
## 223           oldsmobile cutlass supreme
## 224                dodge monaco brougham
## 225              mercury cougar brougham
## 226                   chevrolet concours
## 227                        buick skylark
## 228               plymouth volare custom
## 229                         ford granada
## 230                pontiac grand prix lj
## 231         chevrolet monte carlo landau
## 232                     chrysler cordoba
## 233                     ford thunderbird
## 234             volkswagen rabbit custom
## 235                pontiac sunbird coupe
## 236              toyota corolla liftback
## 237                  ford mustang ii 2+2
## 238                   chevrolet chevette
## 239                       dodge colt m/m
## 240                            subaru dl
## 241                    volkswagen dasher
## 242                           datsun 810
## 243                             bmw 320i
## 244                           mazda rx-4
## 245      volkswagen rabbit custom diesel
## 246                          ford fiesta
## 247                     mazda glc deluxe
## 248                       datsun b210 gx
## 249                     honda civic cvcc
## 250    oldsmobile cutlass salon brougham
## 251                       dodge diplomat
## 252                 mercury monarch ghia
## 253                   pontiac phoenix lj
## 254                     chevrolet malibu
## 255                 ford fairmont (auto)
## 256                  ford fairmont (man)
## 257                      plymouth volare
## 258                          amc concord
## 259                buick century special
## 260                       mercury zephyr
## 261                          dodge aspen
## 262                      amc concord d/l
## 263         chevrolet monte carlo landau
## 264      buick regal sport coupe (turbo)
## 265                          ford futura
## 266                      dodge magnum xe
## 267                   chevrolet chevette
## 268                        toyota corona
## 269                           datsun 510
## 270                           dodge omni
## 271            toyota celica gt liftback
## 272                     plymouth sapporo
## 273               oldsmobile starfire sx
## 274                        datsun 200-sx
## 275                            audi 5000
## 276                          volvo 264gl
## 277                           saab 99gle
## 278                        peugeot 604sl
## 279                  volkswagen scirocco
## 280                      honda accord lx
## 281                    pontiac lemans v6
## 282                     mercury zephyr 6
## 283                      ford fairmont 4
## 284                     amc concord dl 6
## 285                        dodge aspen 6
## 286            chevrolet caprice classic
## 287                      ford ltd landau
## 288                mercury grand marquis
## 289                      dodge st. regis
## 290              buick estate wagon (sw)
## 291             ford country squire (sw)
## 292        chevrolet malibu classic (sw)
## 293 chrysler lebaron town @ country (sw)
## 294                     vw rabbit custom
## 295                     maxda glc deluxe
## 296          dodge colt hatchback custom
## 297                        amc spirit dl
## 298                   mercedes benz 300d
## 299                    cadillac eldorado
## 300                          peugeot 504
## 301    oldsmobile cutlass salon brougham
## 302                     plymouth horizon
## 303                 plymouth horizon tc3
## 304                           datsun 210
## 305                   fiat strada custom
## 306                buick skylark limited
## 307                   chevrolet citation
## 308            oldsmobile omega brougham
## 309                      pontiac phoenix
## 310                            vw rabbit
## 311                toyota corolla tercel
## 312                   chevrolet chevette
## 313                           datsun 310
## 314                   chevrolet citation
## 315                        ford fairmont
## 316                          amc concord
## 317                          dodge aspen
## 318                            audi 4000
## 319               toyota corona liftback
## 320                            mazda 626
## 321                 datsun 510 hatchback
## 322                       toyota corolla
## 323                            mazda glc
## 324                           dodge colt
## 325                           datsun 210
## 326                 vw rabbit c (diesel)
## 327                   vw dasher (diesel)
## 328                  audi 5000s (diesel)
## 329                   mercedes-benz 240d
## 330                  honda civic 1500 gl
## 332                            subaru dl
## 333                     vokswagen rabbit
## 334                        datsun 280-zx
## 335                        mazda rx-7 gs
## 336                    triumph tr7 coupe
## 338                         honda accord
## 339                     plymouth reliant
## 340                        buick skylark
## 341               dodge aries wagon (sw)
## 342                   chevrolet citation
## 343                     plymouth reliant
## 344                       toyota starlet
## 345                       plymouth champ
## 346                     honda civic 1300
## 347                               subaru
## 348                       datsun 210 mpg
## 349                        toyota tercel
## 350                          mazda glc 4
## 351                   plymouth horizon 4
## 352                       ford escort 4w
## 353                       ford escort 2h
## 354                     volkswagen jetta
## 356                        honda prelude
## 357                       toyota corolla
## 358                         datsun 200sx
## 359                            mazda 626
## 360            peugeot 505s turbo diesel
## 361                         volvo diesel
## 362                      toyota cressida
## 363                    datsun 810 maxima
## 364                        buick century
## 365                oldsmobile cutlass ls
## 366                      ford granada gl
## 367               chrysler lebaron salon
## 368                   chevrolet cavalier
## 369             chevrolet cavalier wagon
## 370            chevrolet cavalier 2-door
## 371           pontiac j2000 se hatchback
## 372                       dodge aries se
## 373                      pontiac phoenix
## 374                 ford fairmont futura
## 375                  volkswagen rabbit l
## 376                   mazda glc custom l
## 377                     mazda glc custom
## 378               plymouth horizon miser
## 379                       mercury lynx l
## 380                     nissan stanza xe
## 381                         honda accord
## 382                       toyota corolla
## 383                          honda civic
## 384                   honda civic (auto)
## 385                        datsun 310 gx
## 386                buick century limited
## 387    oldsmobile cutlass ciera (diesel)
## 388           chrysler lebaron medallion
## 389                       ford granada l
## 390                     toyota celica gt
## 391                    dodge charger 2.2
## 392                     chevrolet camaro
## 393                      ford mustang gl
## 394                            vw pickup
## 395                        dodge rampage
## 396                          ford ranger
## 397                           chevy s-10
dim(na.omit(Auto))
## [1] 392   9

1.5 Additional summaries

Scatterplot of quantitative variables

plot(cylinders , mpg)
## Error in plot(cylinders, mpg): object 'cylinders' not found

To refer to a variable, we must type the data set and the variable name joined with a $ symbol.

DO NOT USE attach()

plot(Auto$cylinders, Auto$mpg)

plot(Auto$cylinders)

# but this is actually a factor...

Auto$cylinders <- as.factor(Auto$cylinders)
plot(Auto$cylinders, Auto$mpg)

plot(Auto$cylinders)

# customizing the aspect
plot(Auto$cylinders, Auto$mpg, col="red", varwidth=T, xlab="cylinders", ylab = "MPG")

plot(Auto$cylinders, Auto$mpg, col="red", horizontal=T, xlab="cylinders", ylab = "MPG")

Histogram

hist(Auto$mpg)

hist(Auto$mpg, col = 2)

hist(Auto$mpg, breaks=15)

Scatterplot matrix

pairs(Auto)

# for just a subset
pairs(~mpg + displacement + horsepower + weight, Auto)

identify(): a useful interactive method for identifying the value for a particular variable for points on a plot.

plot(Auto$horsepower, Auto$mpg)
identify(Auto$horsepower,Auto$mpg,Auto$name)

## integer(0)
# click, click, click, and then ESC

One of your best friends: summary(), to produce a numerical summary of each variable in a particular data set

summary(Auto)
##       mpg        cylinders  displacement     horsepower        weight    
##  Min.   : 9.00   3:  4     Min.   : 68.0   Min.   : 46.0   Min.   :1613  
##  1st Qu.:17.00   4:199     1st Qu.:105.0   1st Qu.: 75.0   1st Qu.:2225  
##  Median :22.75   5:  3     Median :151.0   Median : 93.5   Median :2804  
##  Mean   :23.45   6: 83     Mean   :194.4   Mean   :104.5   Mean   :2978  
##  3rd Qu.:29.00   8:103     3rd Qu.:275.8   3rd Qu.:126.0   3rd Qu.:3615  
##  Max.   :46.60             Max.   :455.0   Max.   :230.0   Max.   :5140  
##                                                                          
##   acceleration        year           origin                      name    
##  Min.   : 8.00   Min.   :70.00   Min.   :1.000   amc matador       :  5  
##  1st Qu.:13.78   1st Qu.:73.00   1st Qu.:1.000   ford pinto        :  5  
##  Median :15.50   Median :76.00   Median :1.000   toyota corolla    :  5  
##  Mean   :15.54   Mean   :75.98   Mean   :1.577   amc gremlin       :  4  
##  3rd Qu.:17.02   3rd Qu.:79.00   3rd Qu.:2.000   amc hornet        :  4  
##  Max.   :24.80   Max.   :82.00   Max.   :3.000   chevrolet chevette:  4  
##                                                  (Other)           :365
summary(Auto$mpg)
##    Min. 1st Qu.  Median    Mean 3rd Qu.    Max. 
##    9.00   17.00   22.75   23.45   29.00   46.60
summary(Auto$cylinders)
##   3   4   5   6   8 
##   4 199   3  83 103

Done for today

q()
quit()

but first, you can savehistory("history_filename.R") - still, I would recommend to always use a script anyway!

Session Info

sessionInfo()
## R version 3.6.0 (2019-04-26)
## Platform: x86_64-apple-darwin15.6.0 (64-bit)
## Running under: macOS Sierra 10.12.6
## 
## Matrix products: default
## BLAS:   /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.6/Resources/lib/libRblas.0.dylib
## LAPACK: /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.6/Resources/lib/libRlapack.dylib
## 
## locale:
## [1] en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/C/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8
## 
## attached base packages:
## [1] stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods   base     
## 
## other attached packages:
## [1] ISLR_1.2
## 
## loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
##  [1] compiler_3.6.0  magrittr_1.5    tools_3.6.0     htmltools_0.4.0
##  [5] base64enc_0.1-3 yaml_2.2.1      Rcpp_1.0.4      stringi_1.4.6  
##  [9] rmarkdown_2.1   highr_0.8       knitr_1.28      stringr_1.4.0  
## [13] xfun_0.12       digest_0.6.25   rlang_0.4.5     evaluate_0.14
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